Coverage of Post-Communist Countries by ABC, CBS and NBC: Politics of Miscommunication
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This paper analyzes the coverage of major post-communist countries, particularly their politics, by main television networks in the United States. The question is whether there are significant qualitative and quantitative differences in the representation of East-Central European and post-Soviet countries on U.S. television programming. The related question is whether political factors, such as relations with the United States and national phobias, affect the television coverage of the post-communist countries. Although the question of political biases in coverage of post-communist nations by mass communications media in the United States has been raised by a growing number of politicians and journalists, there is a lack of academic studies on this issue. This paper uses quantitative and content analyses of transcripts of news programs from the most-watched U.S. TV networks: ABC, CBS, and NBC from 1998-2008. The following news programs are examined: World News, Nightline, and 20/20 on ABC, CBS Evening News, CBS Sunday Night News, 60 Minutes, 60 Minutes II, and 48 Hours on CBS, and NBC Nightly News, and Dateline on NBC. A keyword search of transcripts in the Lexis-Nexis database is employed to identify specific broadcasts and news stories that focused on major post-communist countries, such as Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Belarus, and Georgia. The analysis shows significant differences in quantity, the proportion of political content, and quality of American television coverage of the post-communist countries. Such political issues and events as U.S.-Russia relations, the war between Russia and Georgia over South Ossetia, major terrorist acts in Russia, the poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko (a former Russian secret service employee) in the United Kingdom, Chechen Islamic terrorism, the poisoning of Viktor Yushchenko (the future president of Ukraine), the “Orange Revolution” in Ukraine, and the deployment of the U.S. missile system in the Czech Republic and Poland, were among top stories dealing with post-communist countries in 2004-2008. Other leading topics included the following: Russian crime, Chernobyl (Chornobyl) disaster and its effects in Ukraine and Belarus, child pornography in Belarus, Borat movie about Kazakhstan, Polish Pope John Paul II, the Holocaust and World War Two in the Czech Republic, Bulgarian and Hungarian immigrants, and Dracula and sex slaves and sex slavery in Romania. The analysis produces evidence of systematic biases in representation of some post-communist countries, particularly, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Georgia. The study presents results of the analysis regarding the role of such political factors as relations of post-communist states with the United States on their coverage by the U.S. TV networks.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».