Inducing Immune Protection Against Trichomonas vaginalis: A Novel Vaccine Approach to Prevent HIV Transmission
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a pandemic that affects all parts of the globe. Current treatments fail to cure disease and for this reason there is significant interest in producing a vaccine to prevent HIV transmission, but clinical trials have proved disappointing. For this reason it is important to consider alternative measures to control incidence and prevalence of the disease. Trichomonas vaginalis is a highly prevalent and under-diagnosed sexually transmitted infection that facilitates transmission of and susceptibility to HIV infection Although current treatment is effective the disease is still poorly controlled and there are concerns about increasing levels of drug resistance Efforts to research disease mechanisms and immune response with consideration to a rational vaccine design approach should be investigated as a potential method to reduce global incidence of T. vaginalis infection. A reliable murine model of T. vaginalis infection has been established with symptoms in female mice mimicking those seen in women (from vaginitis/vulvitis and discharge to asymptomatic but culture-positive for infection). Using this model it has been shown that vaccinating mice (by injection of trichomonad cells with adjuvant) protects the animals from subsequent vaginal infection By studying immune responses in mice, factors that are critical for immunological protection can be elucidated to create a "blueprint" for an effective human vaccine. Herein we provide an overview of the current understanding of T. vaginalis infection and epidemiology, methods of diagnosis and treatment, and implications of animal models for understanding disease mechanisms . We discuss how and why current T. vaginalis treatment protocols fail to control infection incidence with consideration as to how a T. vaginalis vaccine could overcome these obstacles and reduce disease burden. The association between T. vaginalis and HIV is examined and the potential for reducing HIV infection rates by lowering T. vaginalis incidence is elucidated. A vaccine against T. vaginalis would provide long term protection that could be more successful than treatment in controlling the spread of this very common disease. As T. vaginalis infection is a clear risk factor for HIV acquisition, it is our belief that this approach would also be effective in ameliorating HIV incidence and prevalence, especially in areas such as South and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where HIV and T. vaginalis are endemic (United Nations, 2009; World Health Organization, 2001). www.intechopen.com
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».