Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The meaning of the title of this book is not immediately obvious and it is only in the last chapter, an overview by John Endler that its meaning is defined (p. 251), ‘I use the term “adaptive genetic variation” in the sense of genetic variation that is correlated with variation in lifetime or total fitness of individuals’. In other words, genetic variation that permits adaptation. This is slightly at odds with the description given in the preface, which is (pv), ‘The central thesis of this collective work is that the expression of genetic variation is modulated and shaped by the action of natural selection in the natural environment’. I do not disagree with either of these statements and both can be applied to the chapters in this book, to the extent that genetic variation is presumed to exist. However, none of the chapters, with the possible exception of chapter 1 (see below), addresses the questions ‘how is genetic variation maintained?’ or ‘is genetic variation per se adaptive or does it merely permit adaptation?’ At the present time we do not have satisfactory answers to either question. Within the above limitation of the scope of research this book provides a valuable glimpse into the continuing research on adaptive evolutionary change in natural populations (which is probably a better title). The collection of chapters is not organized in any particular manner (at least to this reviewer) and the chapter I would suggest starting with is the last chapter, the overview by John Endler. The 10 chapters forming the main body of the book are each organized about a particular taxon, from the level of the species to variation among families, with most focusing upon variation within species. After reading Endler’s overview I recommend the following sequence of chapters (there are a number of possibilities but I definitely found the order as given not satisfactory): (1) Chapters emphasizing genetic variation and its consequences: Chapter 9 by Hoffman addresses the question of whether genetic variation measured in the lab is indicative of variation measured in the field. Chapter 8 in which Ritland provides some alternative methods based on molecular markers. Chapter 10 by Mousseau provides instructive examples of both the regression and the marker-based methods of estimating heritability (also analysis of adaptation using geographical variation). Chapter 1 by the Grants examines genetic variation in Darwin’s finches and the possible role of hybridization in introducing genetic variation into a population. Chapter 4 by Nager, Keller and van Noordwijk argue for the importance of genotype by environment interaction and the role of adaptive phenotypic plasticity. (2) Chapters emphasizing adaptive evolution within species: Chapter 6, written by Smith and Girman, discusses the evolution of bill size in an African finch. Chapter 3, by Robinson and Schluter, also discusses the evolution of trophic structures, in this case the evolution of gill rakers in a variety of northen fishes. Chapter 2, by Sinervo, describes his work on the evolution of egg and clutch size in the lizard Uta stansburiana. Sinervo demonstrates the utility of path analysis for investigating causal relationships. Another example of the use of path analysis is given by Mazer and Meade in chapter 7, where they describe their research on the evolution of flower size in wild radish. This chapter demonstrates that evolution frequently involves interaction among species, in this case wild radish and its pollinators. Chapter 5 by Moper, Landau and van Zandt, describes a fascinating study of leafminer interpopulation variation, showing that although gene flow is occurring there is continual selection reducing variation at a site over time. In summary, this book would be excellent as a focus for a graduate course and provides a general overview of the field. I came away with a sense that there is a lot remaining to be done but also some real excitement in the field.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».