Database of the iodine content of food and diets populated with data from published literature
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
A database of results for the iodine content of foods and die ts was prepared for a DFID funded project looking at Environmental Controls in Iodine Deficiency Disorders. It was populated with citations from the literature and contains 732 records. On the basis of these data, the geometric mean result for the iodine content of foods is 87 μg/kg, from 494 citations. Using classifications based on food type the following order for levels of iodine is determined: Marine fish (1455.9 μg/kg) > Freshwater fish (102.8 μg/kg) > Leafy vegetables (88.8 μg/kg) > Dairy (83.9 μg/kg) > Other vegetables (80.1 μg/kg) > Meat (68.4 μg/kg) > Cereals (56.0 μg/kg) > Fresh fruit (30.6 μg/kg) > Bread (17.0 μg/kg) > Water (6.4 μg/l) (The figure in brackets represents the geometric mean value for each group) The results show that in general grain crops are poorer sources of iodine than vegetables and that there is some equivocal evidence to suggest that leafy vegetables contain higher iodine concentrations than other vegetables but fish and seaweed are by far the greatest natural sources of iodine in foodstuffs. The geometric mean result for the average daily dietary intake is 161 μg/day, based on 84 citations. It is noted that vegetarian and vegan diets often do not meet the recommended adult daily intake of 150 μgI/day due to the lack of dairy, meat and fish components. Results also show that Japanese, USA and Canadian dietary intakes are higher than other countries. Intake depends not only on the iodine content of the food but also on the composition of the diet. Results show that food accounts for over 90% of human iodine exposure in most circumstances with water and air providing minimal inputs. However, in subsistence populations drinking highiodine groundwaters, water can contribute more than 20% of the dietary intake. Results of dietary studies show the following general order of percentage daily iodine intake from the main food groups in Western Countries: Dairy (50%) > Cereals (20%) > Fish (9%) > Meat (8%) > Vegetables (7%) > Sweets (5%) > Fruits (1%) The majority of iodine in Western diets comes from adventitious sources such as iodophors in the dairy industry, red food colouring and improvers in cereals, bread, meat and sweets. Removing these components to equate to a developing country diet where people are often dependant on staple grain foodstuffs such as rice shows that intakes fall below 100 μg/day. It is concluded that without adventitious sources of iodine or a marine foods component, most diets would fail to provide the recommended daily intake of 150 μg/day.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».