Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The findings of the investigation which explored the extent and nature of bullying among primary school children in grade four are presented. A total of 60 learners, aged between 9 and 10 years, took part in the study. Information was obtained from learners by means of questions included in a questionnaire, which closely followed the design used by Olweus (1991). Findings indicated that the questionnaire could be used to obtain meaningful responses. The main aim of the investigation was to examine the extent and nature of bullying. The results indicated a high level of reports of being bullied. A quarter of the learners (25%) indicated that they had been bullied at least sometime during the term, while 5 percent responded that the bullying occurred at least once a week and 3 percent that bullying occurred several times a week. There was not much difference in the responses given by boys and girls as to the frequency of being bullied. Reports on bullying others indicate that at least twice as many boys admitted to bullying others than girls. The problem of reported bullying and being bullied thus clearly exists in the group that was surveyed. The further findings on the nature of bullying are also consistent with trends reported by other researchers. Most of the bullying took the form of general name-calling while the use of derogatory names referring to colour and race was also prevalent. Thirty percent of bullied learners experienced this type of treatment. Being physically struck, being threatened and having rumours spread about them were the next most frequent forms of bullying. Other forms of bullying, such as having belongings taken from them, were less frequent. The research confirms some previous findings on gender differences. Firstly, the preponderance of male bullies was confirmed despite the emphasis on nonphysical as well as physical forms of bullying. Secondly, the findings were consistent with trends reported by Besag (1989), namely that girls are likely to be bullied, but not likely to bully.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,008 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».