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Enregistrement W191730211 · doi:10.4324/9781315265841-40

Prevalence and Pedagogy: Understanding Substance Abuse in Schools

2016· book-chapter· en· W191730211 sur OpenAlex

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aboutLe titre ou le résumé porte un signal canadien du lexique géographique.
no affAucune affiliation canadienne : ce travail est invisible pour une base fondée sur la seule affiliation.
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Notice bibliographique

RevueSocial Science Research · 2016
Typebook-chapter
Langueen
DomaineHealth Professions
ThématiqueCommunity Health and Development
Établissements canadiensnon disponible
Organismes subventionnairesnon disponible
Mots-clésPsychologySubstance abuseDrug educationSubstance abuse preventionSocial psychologyClinical psychologyPedagogyCriminologyPsychotherapist

Résumé

récupéré en direct d'OpenAlex

ABSTRACT This case study examines not only the prevalence of substance abuse in one rural Canadian high school but also how teachers understand teaching and learning in relation to substance abuse. Over one third of students reported that they had used marijuana (37%) and alcohol (38%) in the last seven days, a rate considerably higher than typical Canadian averages. Pedagogical implications were informed by three main themes that emerged from staff interviews. Several teachers normalized substance abuse in adolescence, others coped silently 'under the radar, and a few called for specialized support from other human services. Further, in-school approaches require that the entire staff be involved to enhance awareness of substance abuse, interprofessional collaboration, and a sense of interdependence. BACKGROUND TO THE RESEARCH While excessive alcohol consumption and the use of illicit drugs by youth is problematic across North America (Healthy People, 2000 & Health Canada, 2008), international comparisons of alcohol and cannabis use by young people indicate that Canada ranks among the leading countries for rates of prevalence and frequency (CCSA, 2007). It well known that prevalence and patterns of substance abuse vary among regions and even within communities, however, evidence suggests that adolescents are the likely to use substances, engage in risky behaviors, and experience harm as a result (CCSA, 2007). Additionally, not all youth are subject to equal risk, as some minority populations that experience greater poverty, trauma, and cultural alienation account for a disproportional number of individuals who abuse alcohol and other substances (Sharma, 2008 & CCSA, 2007). Further, assessing risk is a problem; most adolescent instruments are still in the development stages, and their effectiveness for problem identification diagnosis and treatment planning is largely unknown (Heister and Miller, 1995, p. 65). The vast majority of schools use various classroom-based drug abuse prevention strategies and curricula as an approach to curb drug abuse and its adverse consequences and to deter early-stage drug use (Birkeland, Murphy-Graham & Weiss, 2005; Hecht, Graham & Elek, 2006); however, much less is known about how teachers understand substance abuse issues within their schools. Moreover, since there is widespread support for the effects of social context on adolescent substance abuse, understanding the role of the school as one organization within the community network influencing young people is paramount. Davis (2007) reports that schools do not have the time or the resources to adequately address issues related to substance abuse; consequently, the impact of school curricula and other efforts to prevent adolescent alcohol abuse have been less successful than desired (Bauman, Foshee, Ennett, Hicks & Pemberton, 2001). While popular programs such as D.A.R.E (Drug Abuse Resistance Education) appear to have no lasting influence on adolescent use of substances (Vincus, Ringwalt, Harris & Shamblen, 2010; Pan & Bai, 2009; West & O'Neal, 2004), there is evidence that there are other psychosocial benefits to D.A.R.E including building relationships with community members (Birkeland, Murphy-Graham & Weiss, 2005), enhancing self-esteem, and institutional bonding (Lucas, 2008). Additionally, many scholars believe that the school context provides a unique environment for not only prevention curricula (Sloboda, Pyakuryal, Stephens, Teasdale, Forrest, Stephens, & Grey, 2008) but also for acting as a crucial partner in successful addiction treatment and rehabilitation (CCSA, 2007). Although there is some evidence that teachers perceive substance abuse as increasingly common, having an impact on academic performance, and causing behaviors such as withdrawal, truancy, reduced ability to concentrate and absenteeism (Van Hout & Connor, 2008), few studies have specifically examined addictive behaviors in a school context and have asked teachers about substance abuse in school (Finn & Willert, 2006). …

Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.

Prédiction distillée sur la base complète

Imitation des enseignants

Ni prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.

score de la tête « metaresearch » (Codex)0,014
score de la tête « metaresearch » (Gemma)0,001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aStatut de validation: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Catégories candidatesÉtudes des sciences et des technologies, Intégrité de la recherche
Catégories consensuellesaucune
DomaineSignal candidat: aucune · Signal consensuel: aucune
Devis d'étudeSignal candidat: Théorique ou conceptuel · Signal consensuel: Théorique ou conceptuel
GenreSignal candidat: Autre · Signal consensuel: Autre
Score de désaccord entre enseignants0,262
Score d'incertitude au seuil0,999

Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie

CatégorieCodexGemma
Métarecherche0,0140,001
Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict)0,0000,000
Méta-épidémiologie (sens large)0,0000,000
Bibliométrie0,0010,000
Études des sciences et des technologies0,0060,002
Communication savante0,0000,000
Science ouverte0,0010,000
Intégrité de la recherche0,0000,004
Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger)0,0010,000

Scores machine (provisoires)

Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.

Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.

Tête enseignante Opus0,495
Tête enseignante GPT0,592
Écart entre enseignants0,097 · la distance entre les deux têtes enseignantes sur ce seul travail
Statut de validationscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle