Managing Risk in a Thermal Oil Sands Development Project Through Appropriate Technical and Well Operating Design
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Oil sands bitumen deposits in western Canada represent the third largest hydrocarbon resource in the world and with most requiring in-situ recovery technology, the safe and environmentally-responsible development of this resource is a key opportunity for Canada and the energy industry. Shell Canada Energy has operated thermal wells in Alberta for over 50 years in a number of different, steam- or other energy-based, recovery projects. Facing an ever-increasing regulatory demand for thermal wells that will provide safe long-term operation and stable hydraulic isolation from the thermal zone after abandonment, while meeting Shell's operating principles in protecting groundwater and air and a minimized surface footprint, the technical demands to achieve this continue to grow. The key to overall technical success and reliable well integrity has been a systematic understanding of the parameters that lead to an appropriate and safe casing design, despite the need to operate the well casing at above-yield conditions. Through a combination of controlled materials testing, evaluation of full-scale connection behaviour under dynamic live conditions, and well monitoring during the operating phase, Shell Canada has been able to develop a comprehensive knowledge base over the past years that has enabled it to achieve a near-zero well failure rate. This has been complemented by a comprehensive well integrity monitoring program that not only allows periodic confirmation of mechanical integrity of well components, but also detection of inter-well formation anomalies that may lead to well failure or loss of hydraulic isolation if left unidentified. The know-how will be leveraged in the Carmon Creek thermal development project which is currently in detailed engineering design and, if approved, will start with two back-to-back development phases, each with a nominal target oil production rate of 40,000BPD. Background As defined today, the Carmon Creek project will consist of phased development of a very large oil sand deposit requiring in-situ recovery technology. The recovery process will utilize a combination of cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and steam drive (SD) processes to mobilize and produce bitumen from the reservoir, which is located approximately 575m below surface. Wells will be drilled directionally from surface pads containing up to 48 operating and two observation wells (Figure 1). Aside from the wells, the surface pads will also contain associated facilities to produce and test fluids, and pipelines for steam and produced fluids / gases to/from the pad respectively. Co-generation will be used for power generation and steam production, using recycled produced water for steam and natural gas as fuel (Figure 2). Beam lift will be used for producing the wells when artificial lift is required.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».