Drake F-76, In-Situ Abandonment of a High Arctic Offshore Completion and Facilities
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The Drake F-76 well was drilled in 1978 from an ice platform, in 55 m of water, offshore Melville Island, NWT, Canada. The well was completed as a prototype gas producer using a subsea production tree and subsea pipeline bundle to shore. Well testing and project feasibility testing were completed by 1979 and the project suspended. In 1993 a decision was made to abandon the well. An extensive program of research, planning, equipment refit and design was undertaken and completed over two years. Technical and environmental approvals were solicited and received from regulatory bodies. In the winter of 1995 - 1996 the wellhead was relocated and an ice platform constructed. A selection of purpose built and contracted equipment was mobilized to site and assembled. A subsea reconnection was completed, the wellhead was successfully function and pressure tested and the well subsequently re-entered and permanently plugged. The subsea tree and all associated flowline equipment were decommissioned and abandoned in-situ. This paper describes the subsea completion, the technical evaluation of the abandonment operation, and the methods used to successfully abandon the installation. FIGURE 1: Location of Drake F-76 project (Available in full paper) Introduction The Drake gas field is located on the east coast of the Sabine Peninsula, Melville Island, NWT as shown in Figure 1. The field, with approximately 5.7 tcf of proved and probable reserves is about 30 km in length and straddles the coastline with the reserves distributed almost equally between land based and offshore portions of the reservoir. The land-based portion of the field was explored and developed in conventional fashion in the early 1970s. While exploratory wells drilled from sea ice platforms had proven up the offshore reserves, there was a desire to develop and test production methods for this offshore gas. It was intended to show this gas could be delivered to production facilities for subsequent sale into the gas marketing projects then proposed for the early 1980s. In 1978, Panarctic Oils Ltd. successfully drilled, completed, and flow tested the Panarctic Hmstd et al. Drake F-76 well from a strengthened ice platform located approximately 1 km offshore Melville Island. The well was drilled to a depth of 1,128 m (KB) in water 54.9 m deep. The well was completed with a subsea production tree, two bundled 152 mm subsea flowlines to shore and gas processing and testing facilities onshore as shown in Figure 2. FIGURE 2: Drake Point facilities (Available in full paper) Remote wellhead control was provided from a shore-based control unit, through subsea control lines in the flowline bundles to a control module located on the wellhead. The Drake F-76 project was designed to demonstrate that offshore gas could be delivered into a land-based gathering system, through remotely operated subsea wells, despite the problems of sea ice, permafrost and generally challenging conditions. Although the project in itself was a success, no market for Arctic gas has been developed and the facilities have been dormant since 1978.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».