Influence of seasonal temperature on the repeat swimming performance of rainbow trout<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
While the temperature dependence of exercise performance in fishes is reasonably well documented, information on the temperature dependence of metabolic recovery and reperformance is scant. This study examined the recovery of swimming performance after exhaustive exercise in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss at seasonal temperatures ranging from 5 to 17 degrees C and explored the relationship between performance and preceding metabolic state. The primary objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that increased temperature increases the capability of rainbow trout to repeat a critical swimming speed (U(crit)), as assessed by two consecutive critical swimming speed tests separated by a 40 min rest interval. An additional expectation was that certain plasma ionic, metabolic and humoral parameters would be correlated with how well fish reperformed and so plasma levels of lactate, potassium, ammonia, osmolality, sodium and cortisol, as well as hematocrit, were monitored before, during and after the swim challenges via an indwelling cannula in the dorsal aorta. As expected, performance in the first U(crit) test (U(crit1)) was positively related to temperature. However, the relationship between U(crit1) and reperformance (U(crit2)) was not dependent on acclimation temperature in a simple manner. Contrary to our expectations, U(crit2) was less than U(crit1) for warm-acclimated fish (14.9+/-1.0 degrees C), whereas U(crit2) equaled U(crit1) for cold-acclimated fish (8.4+/-0.9 degrees C). Cold-acclimated fish also exhibited a lower U(crit1) and less metabolic disruption compared with warm-acclimated fish. Thus, while warm acclimation conferred a faster U(crit1), a similar swimming speed could not be attained on subsequent swim after a 40 min recovery period. This finding does not support the hypothesis that the ability of rainbow trout to reperform on U(crit) test is improved with temperature. Both plasma lactate and plasma potassium levels were strongly correlated with U(crit1) performance. Therefore, the higher U(crit1) of warm-acclimated fish may have been due in part to a greater anaerobic swimming effort compared with cold-acclimated fish. In fact, a significant correlation existed between the plasma lactate concentration prior to the start of the second test and the subsequent U(crit2) performance, such that U(crit2) decreased when a threshold plasma lactate level of around 12.2 mmol l(-1) was surpassed for the initial swim. No other measured plasma variable showed a significant relationship with the U(crit2) performance. We conclude that warm-acclimated fish, by apparently swimming harder and possibly more anaerobically compared with cold-acclimated fish, were unable to recovery sufficiently well during the fixed recovery period to repeat this initial level of performance, and this poorer repeat performance was correlated with elevations in plasma lactate levels.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».