Cutting CO<sub>2</sub>emissions from the US energy sector: meeting a 50% target by 2030
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
to be addressed on a global scale in order to reduce emissions.These target areas are power generation, industry and manufacturing, mobility, buildings and consumer choices [104].In addition to looking at these global sectors, the report also looks at regional trends in four of the world's large economic regions: the USA and Canada, EU-25, China and Japan.WBCSD outlines many potential mitigation and abatement strategies as well as the possible barriers that may arise.The key indicators that this report uses for Canada and the USA are: growth (of energy, GDP and emissions), sources of power generation (i.e., fossil fuel, nuclear and renewable) and mobility (i.e., distance traveled, energy efficiency and type of fuel).WBCSD conclude that by controlling and changing these three indicators, combined USA and Canada carbon (C) emissions would drop to 0.9 Gt C in 2050 compared with the 2002 emissions of 1.76 Gt C, a 50% decrease.This study has two central objectives: to examine the main sources of CO 2 in the US energy sector and to put forward potential mitigation strategies for these emissions.More specifically, this study aims to determine strategies that will result in a reduction of cumulative CO 2 emissions from the US energy sector by at least 50% below 2005-levels by 2030.These strategies must not only be currently technologically viable but also economically, socially and politically acceptable. Experimental Current CO 2 emissions from the US energy sectorDefinition of the emissions from the energy sector Before the emissions from the energy sector can be analyzed, it is first necessary to define what the energy sector consists of and which emissions will be included.Hereafter, the 'energy sector' includes all activities requiring the use of any form of fuel to produce heat or work.Fuel sources include: coal, petroleum, natural gas, nuclear power and renewable energy sources.This study only considers CO 2 emissions and not the emissions from all GHGs or other agents of climate forcing.However, this particular GHG makes up 96% of the total emissions from the topic sector -the energy sector -and therefore mitigation strategies targeting CO 2 have the potential to achieve a large impact on overall emissions [1]. Analysis of current CO 2 emissions from the US energy sector Key termsKyoto agreement: International agreement to reduce GHG emissions from developed world nations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, introduced in 1997 with a compliance period of 2008-2012.Energy sector: The US energy sector includes all energy production for consumption in the transportation, residential, commercial, industrial and electric utilities sectors.Renewable energy: Energy from a source that replenishes through natural phenomena on the scale of a human lifetime and is virtually inexhaustible.Direct emissions: Emissions that result from owned or leased sources.End-user: Sector, industry or individual that purchases or produces energy for its own consumption and not for resale.Census region and division: Groupings of states based on geographical, historical or cultural similarities for the purpose of data presentation.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».