A Laboratory Study With Field Data of Downhole Gas Separators
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Downhole gas separators are often the most inefficient part of a sucker rod pump system. This paper presents laboratory data on the performance of five different gas separator designs. Only continuous flow was studied. Field data is presented on one of the designs. The field data indicates that success or failure of the gas separator is dependent upon the fluids and wellbore pressures as well as the mechanical design of the gas separator. Successful and unsuccessful examples of gas separator performance in the field are shown along with field fluid data properties. Videos will be shown at the presentation of the continuous and intermittent flow of water and air through the transparent gas separators placed in transparent casing. While the study is not completed, this is the first of hopefully several papers that will present the results of this investigation. Introduction Patterson1 studied some different down-hole gas separation designs for coal bed methane operations in Wyoming. In these designs the inlet to the gas separators were smaller than normally used and along with some baffles, thought to allow gas to vent from inside the gas separator, obtained good gas separation in the field installation. While field installations provide the ultimate validation of gas separator performance, it is extremely difficult to isolate the influence of each design parameter. It was these installations which prompted the laboratory study of the gas separator geometry to understand if the "rules-of-thumb" used by the industry for gas separator design were valid. One of the most common sources of inefficiency in oil well pumping installations (rod pumps, ESPs of PC pumps alike) is gas interference, which prevents the pump from delivering liquid at the design rate. Although this is a well known effect, there seems to be limited understanding of the mechanisms that control gas interference and this often results in the use of remedies, such as installing downhole gas separators, that are ineffective or even detrimental to the pumping system performance. The objectives of this paper are to give a clearer insight on the mechanisms of gas interference in pumping wells and to present the results of recent laboratory and field studies on the flow characteristics and performance of some downhole gas separators. In a pumping installation, one of the principal functions of the wellbore is to operate as a two-phase (gas-liquid) separator so that the pump (which is designed to pump liquid) can operate efficiently. Although this concept appears to be obvious, it seems to be totally ignored by most operators when they design completions and install hardware (gas anchors and the like) to combat the effects of gas interference. In these applications, the separation of gas from liquid is achieved through GRAVITY separation without the introduction of other mechanisms (centrifugal forces, nozzles, etc.). Thus, the difference in density between the gas and liquid is the main driving force to be used for separation. This also implies that forces that oppose the effect of gravity, such as viscous drag caused by high fluid velocity and turbulence, will be detrimental to the separation process.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».