Cystic Nephroma and Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of Kidney: A Detailed Clinicopathologic Analysis of 34 Cases and Proposal for Renal Epithelial and Stromal Tumor (REST) as a Unifying Term
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Cystic nephroma (CN) and mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (MEST) are rare benign renal neoplasms that have overlapping clinical and morphologic features, including predominance in middle-aged women, variably cystic architecture, eosinophilic cells, and hobnail cells lining the cysts and ovarian-type stroma. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the histologic features and immunohistochemical profile of these tumors. We studied 34 cases from 5 large academic institutions. Twenty tumors were diagnosed as CNs, 18 in women and 2 in men, their age ranged from 24 to 63 (mean 48; median 50) years. Fourteen tumors were diagnosed as MESTs, all in women, their age ranged from 26 to 84 (mean 52; median 51) years. Histologically, all tumors were well-circumscribed except for one MEST. The stromal/epithelial ratio was approximately 2.3 in MESTs versus 0.3 in CNs; cellular ovarian-type stroma composed 45% of the stroma in MESTs and 12% of the stroma of CNs. Stromal hyalinization was prominent in both. Five MESTs showed stromal luteinization. In the epithelial component, the relative amount of large cysts, medium to small cysts, and phyllodes-type glands was: 65%/25%/10% in CNs versus 25%/40%/35% in MESTs. The epithelial component ranged from flat to cuboidal to hobnail cells in both types of tumors. No significant atypia of either component was seen, although the epithelial cells showed reactive changes. Immunohistochemical stains for estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors showed 62% and 85% positivity in the stromal component of MESTs versus 19% and 40% in CNs. CD10 positivity was seen in 77% of MESTs versus 50% of CNs, calretinin was seen in 69% of MESTs versus 41% of CNs, and inhibin in 42% of MESTs versus 36% of CNs, although the staining was focal. Follow-up in both categories of tumors (mean 3.2 y, median 3 y for CNs and mean 2.5 y, median of 2 y for MESTs) showed no evidence of recurrence or metastases in keeping with their benign nature. This study highlights the remarkable similarity between CN and MEST in sex predilection, age distribution, and morphologic attributes of both the epithelial and stromal components and immunohistochemical profile albeit with variation in individual categories with higher prevalence of stromal to epithelial ratio, prominent ovarian stroma, smaller cysts with phyllodes glands pattern and stromal luteinization being more common in MEST; and large cysts, thin septae and low stromal to epithelial ratio in CN. The presence of ovarian-type stroma and müllerian related immunohistochemical markers raises the possibility that these tumors may originate from müllerian remnants misplaced during embryogenesis. On the basis of detailed morphologic analysis of this series of CN and MEST, we propose a unifying term of "renal epithelial and stromal tumor" (REST) to encompass the spectrum of findings observed in these tumors at least until new molecular studies can prove or disprove this challenging hypothesis.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».