Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The Terra Nova Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) is the first such vessel specifically designed for ice infested harsh environments. The development of this unique vessel will be described by presenting the major aspects of the vessel from the initial design by Brown & Root Energy Services (BRES), construction of the vessel by Daewoo Heavy Industries (DHI) in South Korea, through to delivery to Newfoundland Canada. The unique design considerations such as the harsh environment of the Canadian Grand Banks region and the requirement to dis-connect during ice flow/iceberg activity required a completely new vessel design. This paper describes these challenges and the eventual solutions by touching on analyses and the extensive model test program conducted. The vessel construction and delivery phases are also discussed together with shipyard interface and management issues. Introduction This paper addresses the development of the Terra Nova FPSO hull, from design through construction to delivery, highlighting the environmental drivers which led to the current design. In addition, the vessel performance in the harsh Canadian environment of the Grand Banks is discussed and an update of the vessel construction and delivery status presented. The Field. The Terra Nova oil field is the second largest oil field discovered to date in the Jeanne d'Arc basin on the Grand Banks (Fig. 1). The first phase of the field development consists of the Graben and East Flank and is estimated to contain recoverable reserves of 47.7-63.6 SMm3 (300-400 million barrels). The Terra Nova field is located in 94 metres (approximately) of water, 350 km East-Southeast of St. John's, Newfoundland and 35 km Southeast of the Hibernia field. Field Development. The Terra Nova oil field will be developed using an ice strengthened floating production facility, with ice avoidance capability and subsea wells (Fig 2). The export of crude will be by tanker. Produced gas will be used as fuel and for gas lift. Excess gas will be re-injected. Terra Nova is the first FPSO in these waters and the design solution adopted is a marker for follow-on developments in the area. The Terra Nova development proponents are: Petro-Canada (operator), Mobil Oil Canada Properties, Husky Oil Operations Ltd, Norsk Hydro Canada Oil and Gas Inc, Murphy Oil Company Ltd, Moschober Operating Ltd, and Chevron Canada Resources. Environmental Considerations General. The Grand Banks region has a harsh environment, much like the Northern North Sea. Intense storms occur frequently in winter, with winds generally in the northwesterly and southwesterly directions, Table 1. Seastates produce short period, steep waves with waveheights in excess of 30 metres. Superstructure icing can occur between December and March because of the temperature, wind and wave conditions. Restricted visibility is common, especially in the spring and summer months, when warm air masses overlie the cold ocean surface. Pack ice occurs during the winter season but only reaches the Terra Nova regions one-year in three. Icebergs migrate into the region annually mainly during the months of March to August inclusive (ice season).
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».