Human Factors in Large Capital Projects
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Considering human interaction in a project's design is not new and is traditionally applied at various design reviews and during construction to ensure operability. Human factors are routinely considered in industry for a facilities operating phase including walking working surfaces, access for maintenance, and general biometric requirements. Including human factors in construction and constructability reviews is the next step-out in human factors program implementation. This requires careful consideration of human factors and the design implications to allow for safe construction execution processes and overall safety of construction workers. This paper will discuss ExxonMobil's systematic application of human factors considerations throughout the life cycle of a project including engineering design, construction planning, and execution phases to allow safe operations throughout the facility's life cycle. Definition of Human Factors and Programs Human Factors affects the design and engineering of the interface between work environment, technology, and human interaction to increase safety, performance, and productivity. More specifically, human factor programs provide a systematic process to design that applies and integrates knowledge of the capabilities, limitations, and needs of people with respect to:• worksite design (facilities layout, configuration, and accessibility)• equipment and tools used• environments worked in (temperature, noise, lighting) All of this while considering the biometrics of the workforce that will be employed at the worksite. Human factors reviews normally will focus on human interfaces (physical and cognitive factors) that improve a workplace designed for human use (working environments and machines and equipment used). Major consideration must be given so that procedures can be written and employed that do not require performance beyond the operators capabilities, produce fatigue, provide appropriate information flow and do not violate the operators expectations. Human Factors in Engineering Design Incident rates have fallen since the implementation of process safety management regulations and process safety systems. These systems and regulations target facility information, risk characterization, and development of sound operating procedures for a facility. The implementation of these programs and management systems did create a step change decrease in industrial accidents as they were implemented as illustrated in Figure 1. Application of human factors programs created a reduction in accident rates in operating facilities. These programs were also implemented in the design of new facilities considering the operating phase of the facilities. Human Factors is now considered integral to the design.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».