Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Editor's column PTT Exploration and Production’s (PTTEP) agreement with Statoil to take a share of a Canadian oil sands development is just the latest in a string of deals by Asian oil companies made to gain access to unconventional resources in North America. Firms from China and India bought into projects throughout 2010 looking to gain access to new reserves as well as to gain technical knowhow. Thailand’s PTTEP acquired a 40% interest from Statoil Canada in the Kai Kos Dehseh Oil Sands Project in western Canada in late November for USD 2.3 billion for its debut in the oil sands market. Statoil will keep the remaining 60% of the project. Kai Kos Dehseh has estimated reserves of 4.3 billion bbl and, using steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), is on target to reach early production of 10,000 b/d in the first quarter of this year. Peak output is projected to be 300,000 b/d, which would help PTTEP move toward its goal of more than tripling current production to reach 900,000 BOEPD by 2020. “This acquisition provides the company access to a highly attractive oil sands deposit in Canada and a strong platform for future growth into unconventional resources,” the company said in a statement. This follows deals by China firm Sinopec to buy ConocoPhillips’ stake in oil sands producer Syncrude Canada, China Petrochemical Corp.’s purchase of Calgary-based Addax Petroleum, and PetroChina’s buy-in of a stake in Athabasca Oil Sands’ MacKay and Dover oil sands projects. China first began buying small stakes in oil sands projects in 2005. Asian state oil companies are investing billions of dollars in oil sands projects in Canada and shale plays in the US. The goal is to secure new resources to fuel their booming economies and to learn the techniques and technologies that will help them develop unconventional resources in their own backyards. With oil prices steady above USD 70/bbl, SAGD oil sands projects remain economic and, with gas prices still depressed, independent producers are welcoming the infusion of Asian cash. Shale developments in North America have attracted a string of deals over the past 2 years, the latest being Chinese National Offshore Oil Corp.’s purchase of a one-third stake in Chesapeake Energy’s Eagle Ford shale acreage in south Texas in November. Although reserves estimates for Asia’s unconventionals potential are sketchy, the International Energy Agency puts China’s unconventional gas reserves at 144 trillion cm. Some analysts believe that figure is much higher. Last August, China inaugurated a shale gas research center and set goals of locating 1 trillion cm of recoverable shale gas reserves, building 15 billion cm to 30 billion cm of production capacity, and producing 8% to 12% of China’s natural gas needs from shale by 2020. The US government is also encouraging China’s development of shale in hopes that it will help the country cut carbon emissions.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».