MétaCan
Menu
Retour à la cohorte
Enregistrement W2021820910 · doi:10.1177/002070200506000219

The Relationship

2005· article· en· W2021820910 sur OpenAlexaboutno aff
Paul Cellucci

Notice bibliographique

RevueInternational Journal Canada s Journal of Global Policy Analysis · 2005
Typearticle
Langueen
DomaineEnergy
ThématiqueGlobal Energy and Sustainability Research
Établissements canadiensnon disponible
Organismes subventionnairesnon disponible
Mots-clésGlobeContext (archaeology)Work (physics)Fossil fuelPetroleum industryNatural gasOil and natural gasEconomyBusinessEconomicsGeographyEngineering

Résumé

récupéré en direct d'OpenAlex

I want to talk about shared values, and shared goals, and I also want to talk about the global context of much of what Canada and the United States do together. I am not one of those people who believe these two countries are diverging.The fact of the matter is that there are more differences within each country than there are between our two countries, and we do have fundamental goals that we share in this hemisphere and around the globe and we do share fundamental values. Energy is one thing that we're working closely on. We get more oil from Canada than we get from Saudi Arabia, and we know that the potential in the oil sands is quite vast. Gas is another big export from Canada to the United States, natural gas. And even as we work to get the Alaska Slope gas and the Mackenzie Valley gas, I think we all realize that the demand for gas in North America will probably even outstrip those supplies. What has been a continental market and a continental price will soon become a global price, so what happens in the fields of Nigeria will have an impact on the price of natural gas in North America. We know that from oil: even though Canada is an oil-producing country, the price of that oil is determined by the world market. So we will continue to work together to make sure we have the energy to keep the economies of Canada, the United States, and Mexico growing. We will continue to integrate this North American energy market. We are already integrated quite a bit on the grid. When the lights went out in New York a couple of summers ago, they also went out in Toronto and Ottawa, and many other parts of Ontario. We need to improve and modernize that grid; we need to have mandatory reliability standards and these things our two countries are working on together.Environmental protection is another goal that we share. We have beautiful natural resources in Canada and in the United States. And we are working on a whole number of initiatives to make sure that we can protect the air and the water and the beautiful lands for future generations. We are working together on climate change. I know we have taken different approaches to Kyoto, but despite that fact, we are working together on the international partnership for the hydrogen economy; we are working on the carbon sequestration leadership forum; we are working together on the global earth observation system.The United States is committed to stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions. President Bush has indicated that we want to address this problem with sound science and we want to be able to maintain our standard of living at the same time. We have a plan to slow, stop, and ultimately reverse these emissions based on sound science. We believe that this makes sense because economic growth provides the resources for new environmental investment. Just to make the point, because I know this is misunderstood both in the press in Canada and in the United States, we are spending US$5.8 billion per year on this in the United States. That is more money than all of Europe, Japan, and Canada combined, because we are determined to get the science right, so that we can address the problem of global warming and global climate change while maintaining our standard of living and our way of life at the same time. So we will continue to work with Canada as well as other countries because this is another issue that has a global impact. I've been to Paddockwood and to Churchill and I know the impact this warming has already had in London. It affects wildlife activity: the ice freezes later, and that's not good news for the polar bears. They've got to get out on the ice to get the seals. It is affecting the north and the Arctic but there's no question that this will affect the entire globe and we have to work together to get the science right to address it.Another goal that Canada and the United States share is to defeat the terrorist threat, and I can tell you that I often say that in the United States we cannot defend our homeland without the help of Canada. …

Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.

Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier

Prédiction machine sur la base complète

Imitation des enseignants

Ni prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.

score de la tête « metaresearch » (Codex)0,004
score de la tête « metaresearch » (Gemma)0,016
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cStatut de validation: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Catégories candidatesaucune
Catégories consensuellesaucune
DomaineSignal candidat: aucune · Signal consensuel: aucune
Devis d'étudeSignal candidat: Sans objet · Signal consensuel: Sans objet
GenreSignal candidat: Empirique · Signal consensuel: aucune
Score de désaccord entre enseignants0,229
Score d'incertitude au seuil0,767

Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)

CatégorieCodexGemma
Métarecherche0,0040,016
Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict)0,0010,000
Méta-épidémiologie (sens large)0,0010,001
Bibliométrie0,0010,002
Études des sciences et des technologies0,0090,005
Communication savante0,0160,014
Science ouverte0,0020,010
Intégrité de la recherche0,0050,008
Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger)0,2290,104

Scores machine (provisoires)

Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.

Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.

Tête enseignante Opus0,013
Tête enseignante GPT0,328
Écart entre enseignants0,315 · la distance entre les deux têtes enseignantes sur ce seul travail
Statut de validationscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle

Classification

machine, non validée

Prédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.

Les modèles n’ont appliqué aucune catégorie : rien dans la taxonomie ne correspondait à ce travail.
Devis d'étudeSans objet
Domainenon disponible
GenreEmpirique

Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».

En bref

Citations3
Publié2005
Routes d'admission1
Résumé présentoui

Explorer davantage

Même revueInternational Journal Canada s Journal of Global Policy AnalysisMême sujetGlobal Energy and Sustainability ResearchTravaux en français237 207