Stability of In Situ Combustion Process to the Air Injection Stoppage
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Unlike steam injection for heavy oil recovery, in situ combustion (ISC) process requires an extra-step, namely initiation of the process, the so called ignition operation. During ignition, an ISC front is generated near the air injection well and, thereafter, this front is propagated towards production wells. Air injection interruptions can be un-intentional or intentional, including one-day-per-month scheduled interruptions for cleaning oil from air lines exiting the compressors. Regarding air injection interruptions a question arises: can the process be resumed without initiating a new ignition operation? The paper attempts to provide clear answers to this question. The paper reviews information on more than 6 cases of air injection stoppage in the field, involving well instrumented dry ISC projects, conducted either in patterns or in a line drive system. Most of the cases are from Suplacu de Barcau (Romania) project, which is the world’s biggest ISC commercial project. The duration of air injection interruptions ranged from a few hours to 36 days. Performance before and after interruptions are analyzed in terms of changes in air injectivity, effluent gas composition and oil production. To support various field observations, essential results from simulation of the dry ISC process are also included; Temperature distributions during air injection stoppage were determined analytically for a linear system and numerically, for a radial system. In both cases a specific characteristic of the temperature re-distribution was noted, namely the move/shift of the peak temperature inside the former burned out zone. Some additional conclusions regarding the stability of the process as function of elapsed time since the initiation of the process were also formulated. Stability of the process was investigated for air injection interruptions of up to 90 days. Finally, a case is presented involving a pressure cycling ISC process; stability performance of the Morgan ISC project (Alberta, Canada) during its 6-year field piloting is discussed. In this project, interruptions of air injection of up to 21 months occurred. Inherent limitations in evaluating the stability performance are reviewed given the very complicated nature of this dry ISC process in which reservoir pressure was cyclically increased and oil was allowed to flow through the burned out zones during the air injection
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».