Special Session: Advances In Flexible Riser Technology: Flexible Pipe Design For A High Temperature / Highly Insulated Production Flowline For The North Amethyst Project In The North Atlantic
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The North Amethyst Field is the first of a series of offshore tie-back satellites to the Sea Rose FPSO, located in the greater White Rose Area, approximately 350 km off the east coast of Newfoundland, Canada. Water depths in the field range from 120m to 125m. The North Amethyst Field is operated by Husky Energy Ltd. on behalf of its partners Suncor Ltd. and Nalcor Energy. The North Amethyst expansion consists of the North Amethyst Drill Centre (NADC), through which the field is developed by a combination of production & water injection wells. The subsea equipment is located in excavated ‘glory holes’, placing the top of the subsea equipment 2-3 m below the surrounding seabed level to protect against iceberg scour. The subsea facilities are tied back to the pre-existing Southern Drill Centre (SDC) in the South Avalon Pool via flexible flowlines. This paper will provide an overview of the major design and fabrication issues encountered during the engineering, fabrication and installation of the 10?? North Amethyst production flowline. The challenges associated with designing a high temperature flowline requiring a low thermal conductivity included onbottom stability, material temperature limits, and the design impacts on ancillary equipment (bend restrictors, dropped object protection). Flowline systems designed for use offshore Newfoundland require a " weak-link?? at the subsea equipment connection to prevent damage to subsea assets and environmental impact due to loss of containment. The " weak-link?? presented a number of design, manufacturing and installation challenges. The flowline design implications on the installation campaign and schedule is also discussed and the measures taken to mitigate the issues. Introduction Unbonded flexible pipes are composite structures; composed of metallic layers for both axial and radial strength, thermoplastic layers for fluid retention, tapes for both ordering and containment off metallic wires, and various types of foam for thermal insulation. Though the low bending stiffness of flexible pipes is seen as most beneficial in riser systems which must be compliant with the motions of a floating production system, the use of flexible pipes as static flowlines yields significant advantages when compared with rigid steel pipe:Storage upon reels or carousels reduces the restrictions on the type of installation vessel requiredThe routing of the pipeline on the seabed is simplified as tighter bend radii and more extreme elevations changes can be accommodatedThe inherent lower thermal conductivity reduces the need for externally-applied insulation coatingsTransportation and logistics are easier when the installation location is removed from spool bases
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».