Effect of Hyperhydration on Performance during Prolonged Cycling in a Temperate Environment When Fluid is Consumed during Exercise
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Taken as a whole, research shows that, compared with pre-exercise euhydration (PEE), pre-exercise hyperhydration (PEH) improves endurance performance (EP) during moderate-duration exercise (18–105 min) conducted in hot ambient temperatures and this, independently of whether or not fluids are ingested during exercise. In a temperate climate, it has been shown that PEH enhances EP compared with PEE during an ∼ 2 h long cycling period in which no fluids are ingested. It still unclear whether PEH may improve EP compared with PEE during a mo derate-duration exercise conducted in a temperate climate when fluid is consumed during exercise. It is possible that the weak thermal and cardiovascular stress imposed on the body due to the nature of the environment, combined with the ingestion of fluid during exercise, which delays the attainment of the critical level of dehydration deleterious for EP, may render the surplus of fluid provided by PEH useless. PURPOSE: To compare the effect of PEH to a state of PEE on EP during a 2-h cycling exercise conducted at 26.5 °C, 55% RH, when fluid is ingested during exercise. METHODS: Using a randomized, crossover experimental design, 8 trained subjects underwent either an hyperhydration (26 ml/kg bodyweight [BW] of water with 1.2 g glycerol/kg BW [to maximize fluid retention]) or waiting period of 80 min, immediately followed by 2 h of cycling at 65% Vo2 max, which was interspersed by 5 2-min intervals at 80% Vo2 max. Following the cycling period, subjects underwent an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. During exercise, subjects drank 2.5 ml of sports drink/kg BW every 20 min, up to min 100. Heart rate, rectal temperature, perceived exertion, perceived heat-stress and perceived thirst were measured every 20 min during the 2 h cycling bout. During the cycling test, heart rate and rectal temperature were measured every 3 min. RESULTS: Subjects started the exercise during PEH and PEE hyperhydrated (17.0 ± 1.4 ml/kg BW) and euhydrated, respectively. During PEH and PEE, respectively, fluid ingestion during exercise replaced 36.0 ± 3.6% and 39.2 ± 5.3% of the sweat losses (P >0.05). PEH decreased (P <0.05) perceived thirst during the 2 h cycling exercise, but had no effect (P >0.05) on heart rate, rectal temperature, sweat rate, perceived exertion or perceived heat-stress. During the cycling test, PEH had no effect on heart rate or rectal temperature, nor on the time to exhaustion (PEH: 12.6 ± 1.4; PEE: 11.6 ±1.0 min). CONCLUSION: It is not beneficial to hyperhydrate before undergoing a moderate-duration (≤ 2 h), moderately intense (≤ 65% Vo2 max) exercise in a temperate environment (≤ 26.5 °C) when fluid is replaced at a rate ≥ 40% of sweat losses during exercise.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».