Does Parenchymal Brain Injury Affect Biobehavioral Pain Responses in Very Low Birth Weight Infants at 32 Weeks’ Postconceptional Age?
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
OBJECTIVE: Children with neurologic impairments have shown diminished pain response compared with control subjects; however, it remains unclear what mechanisms underlie this response or when it develops. If this were also true with premature infants who undergo neonatal intensive care, then infants with parenchymal brain injury (PBI) would be at increased risk of underrecognition and undertreatment of procedural pain. The purpose of this study was to determine whether infants with PBI display altered responses to acute procedural pain at 32 weeks' postconceptional age (PCA), compared with control subjects. METHODS: We compared responses to blood collection by heel lance at 32 weeks' PCA in 12 very low birth weight infants (mean [range] birth weight: 876 g [630-1240 g]; gestational age: 26.3 weeks (24-28 weeks) who had sustained PBI in the neonatal period, with 12 control subjects matched for gestational age at birth and gender (838 g [625-990 g]; 26.3 weeks [24-28 weeks[) who had normal neonatal brain imaging. PBI was defined as cerebral parenchymal infarction (grade 4 intraventricular hemorrhage) or cystic periventricular leukomalacia on serial cranial ultrasound scans conducted in the neonatal period. Biobehavioral responses to pain were measured using facial activity (Neonatal Facial Coding System) and measures of heart rate (HR) variability (low-frequency [LF] power [0.04-0.15], high-frequency [HF] power [0.15-0.8 Hz], and LF/HF ratio) as a measure of cardiac autonomic modulation. Neurodevelopmental follow-up was undertaken at 18 months. RESULTS: The infants with PBI had significantly higher illness severity scores at day 1 compared with day 3 (Score of Neonatal Acute Physiology II: 32.1 vs 19.8) but similar previous pain experiences (109 vs 115) and total morphine exposure (0.29 vs 0.30 mg/kg). Both groups of children mounted similar responses to heel lance at 32 weeks' PCA with no difference in facial response or HR variability. Mean HR and facial action scores increased from baseline to the lance, whereas LF, HF, and the LF/HF ratio decreased significantly. No group differences were found. The only statistically significant difference between groups was that infants with PBI had more tongue protrusion at lance. Neurodevelopmental follow-up showed 8 of 11 toddlers with PBI had cerebral palsy compared with 0% of control toddlers. Psychomotor Developmental Index score on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II was significantly lower in the PBI group. Five of 11 toddlers with PBI had Mental Developmental Index score <2 standard deviations below mean compared with 0% of the control toddlers. CONCLUSION: Contrary to expectations, we did not find any evidence of an altered pain response pattern in infants with proven brain injury in the neonatal period. Although most infants with PBI developed cerebral palsy, these findings suggest that cerebral injury predominantly to the central white matter leaves brainstem responses intact in the neonatal period. Furthermore, it seems that the injured brain of the preterm infant has not yet expressed the identifiable differences in pain display and the functional impairment observed at later ages.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».