Prognosis of Hyponatremia in Elderly Patients With Fragility Fractures
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia (serum sodium < 135 mmol/L) is the commonest electrolyte imbalance encountered in clinical practice. It is associated with multiple poor clinical outcomes including increased length of hospital stay, institutionalization and mortality. Prevalence of hyponatremia is higher in frail patient groups, and elderly patients with fragility fractures (EPFF) are particularly susceptible. This study aimed to establish the impact of hyponatremia on total length of inpatient stay (TLOS), need for inpatient rehabilitation and mortality in EPFF. METHODS: Prospective observational study of consenting adults aged ≥ 65 years admitted with a fragility fracture to a university hospital between January 7, and April 4, 2013. Demographic and clinical data, length of hospital stay, discharge destination and any participant deaths were recorded. Prevalence of hyponatremia on admission and incidence of cases developing in hospital were reported. Basic demographic data and serum sodium results were included in multivariate linear regression models for TLOS. Difference in mortality rate and proportion of individuals discharged to inpatient rehabilitation between the hyponatremic and normonatremic group were tested using Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. Unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were also calculated. RESULTS: Of 212 cases, 127 (60%) EPFF were recruited (mean age 79 years, 78% female). Of those not recruited, 66 had incapacity to consent and 19 refused participation. Thirty-three cases of hyponatremia were identified; point prevalence on admission was 13.4% and a further 12.6% developed hyponatremia during admission. There were no statistically significant differences in patient characteristics between the hyponatremic and normonatremic group. Hyponatremic participants had a 66.7% increased time from admission to surgery (P = 0.014) and a 51.5% increased length of index hospital stay (P = 0.006). Factors independently associated with increased TLOS were age (P = 0.03) and drop in sodium during admission (P < 0.001). Mortality rate and proportion of participants discharged to inpatient rehabilitation were higher in the hyponatremic group (OR 4.2 (95% CI: 0.9 - 19.8) and 2.2 (95% CI: 0.9 - 5.1), respectively), but figures did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Hyponatremia is highly prevalent in EPFF, seen in 33/127 cases (26%), and is associated with increased length of index hospital stay. Drop in serum sodium during admission was independently associated with increased TLOS.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,009 | 0,013 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».