Behavior of Metals during Combustion of Industrial Organic Wastes in Supercritical Water
Pourquoi ce travail est dans la base
Une base qui oublie comment elle a trouvé un travail ne peut pas être vérifiée. Voici les voies qui ont admis celui-ci.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
De-inking solid residue (DISR) doped with nitrates of 2000 mg/kg of Pb, Cd, and Cr was burned in supercritical water in a batch reactor. Combustion runs were carried out under supercritical water conditions: 30.6 MPa, 450 or 525 °C, and 17.1% or 65.7% excess oxygen. The run time varied between 5 and 30 min. In all runs, more than 99.2% (up to 100%) of the Pb precipitated to ash, with leachability varying from 0.5% to 7.3% and decreasing with increasing run time and temperature. In runs at 450 °C, the soluble Cd concentration showed little or no change, but its ash's leachability dropped when more oxygen was added. At 65.7% excess oxygen, when temperature was increased from 450 to 525 °C, the Cd concentration and ash leachability declined, and a downward trend appeared with longer run time. In runs at 450 °C and 17.1% excess oxygen, the soluble Cr concentration increased with time from 4.1% (5 min) to 19.2% (30 min). When 65.7% oxygen was applied, it declined to 12.6% at 30 min, which was followed by an increase from 15.0% (5 min) to 37.5% (15 min). In the runs with 65.7% oxygen, as the temperature went up from 450 to 525 °C, the soluble Cr concentration rose to 26.1% at 5 min and subsequently showed a trend similar to that observed for the runs at 450 °C. At 30.6 MPa, 525 °C, and a 30-min run time, 100% of the Pb, 97.6% of the Cd, and 87.3% of the Cr were converted to an insoluble substance. Only 0.5% of the Pb, 0.6% of the Cd and 0.8% of the Cr in ash were leached. Tests with 20,000 mg/kg Pb, Cd, and Cr were conducted under the same conditions (pressure/temperature/time). Only 0.03% of the Pb but 82.0% of the Cd and 79.4% of the Cr remained soluble. It was found that CO 2 and acetate from organics combustion could help to remove heavy metals via formation of insoluble carbonate salts. X-ray diffraction spectra indicated the presence of PbCrO 4 and Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 in the ash. Electron microprobe results showed a close connection between Pb and Cr but no relation between Pb and Cd in the ash. The main solid products were CdO, CdCO 3, CrO 2, HCrO 2, PbCrO 4, PbCO 3 and PbO x . In general, the “combustion” of DISR in supercritical water showed an effective removal of heavy metals.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle