Inhalant abuse: a growing public health concern in india
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Sir—Inhalant abuse has been widely reported in Western countries. Studies on the general population have yielded prevalence rates of 5–15% for young people as having used inhalants in the United States [1], 3–6% in Canada [2] and 6–7% in the United Kingdom [3]. In India, there is a comparative lack of data pertaining to inhalant abuse: so far only a single case series and a few case reports have been reported [4–6]. The reason for the relative paucity of literature from India may be attributed to a lack of awareness among mental health professionals. They fail to elicit information pertaining to solvent abuse/dependence in epidemiologic and clinic-based studies. Inhalants are widely available everywhere, and their abuse is becoming a significant public health problem in India, more so due to the lack of knowledge among the general population and even the medical fraternity regarding their abuse potential. We studied 10 children: three of whom presented to our clinic in a city in northern India; the remaining were contacted by our community team. The mean age was 11.4 years. Most of the children were from a low socioeconomic background and had dropped out of school. Most of them were working, mainly in order to supplement the family income. All the children were abusing correction fluid and its thinner, containing toluene. Petrol and nail polish remover were the other solvents used by these children. Other commonly used substances in this group were tobacco, cannabis and alcohol (in descending order). The parents of six of the children were not aware of the substance use at the time of contact. The children reported using the correction fluid because of its easy accessibility, cheap price, the small size of the container (making it easy to conceal), its fast onset of action and the regular 'high' that it provided. On investigating further, we found that the problem is quite rampant. Therefore, we have instituted a 'Snowball technique' where the children under treatment become prime motivators to bring other children to the treatment centre for weekly group therapy sessions. We have initiated pamphlet distribution among the general population, newspaper articles to spread awareness in the community and puppet shows to educate and sensitize people as to the dangers associated with the practice. Some intervention on the part of the Government is also required and legislation may be enacted so that such substances are not available to minors. Detailed and systematic studies are required to research the extent of the problem, identify the reasons for the high prevalence of inhalant abuse among children and identify effective intervention strategies.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».