Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract It has been suggested in several studies that there may be a link between the presence of high asphaltenes content and the foam-ability of oil. However, a systematic examination of the impact of asphaltenes on the performance of solution gas drive, in connection with foamy oil flow, has not been reported. This paper presents an experimental study that addresses this issue. The objective of this work was to examine whether or not the presence of asphaltenes has a strong influence on the performance of foamy solution gas drive. To this end, parallel solution gas drive experiments were conducted using a heavy crude oil from the Lloydminster area and a deasphalted version of the same oil. To eliminate the influence of oil viscosity, the viscosity of the crude oil was reduced to the same level as that of the deasphalted oil by diluting it with a 50–50 mixture of heptanes and toluene. The experiments were carried out in a visual sandpack that permits observation of bubble formation in the sand. The results show that the presence of asphaltenes significantly promotes foamy oil flow. Introduction Noticeable progress in understanding the high efficiency of solution gas drive in heavy oil reservoirs has been made in recent years. However, basic mechanisms and reservoir engineering parameters are still being evaluated(1). Some authors attribute the high efficiency of solution gas drive in heavy oil reservoirs to foam, and the term foamy oil is used to describe the process. The question of how the foam forms and how it helps in improving the production performance remains to be fully answered. In order to explain this high primary production, two main mechanisms have been proposed(1, 2). The first is the increase of the drainage radius of the well by the formation of high permeability channels, called wormholes(3). The second mechanism is the low gas mobility in heavy oil leading to gas retention that helps in maintaining high pressures in the reservoirs. Low gas mobility is explained by the high oil viscosity and its foamy nature. Smith(4) was the first to propose a model in which the gas flow was in the form of micro bubbles dispersed in the oil phase. Subsequently, Maini et al.(5) experimentally observed this dispersed gas phase and called it Foamy Oil. This leads to the discussion of how the foam is formed and its nature, stability and movement in the formation rock. Although the foamy oil flow occurs in all viscous oil systems, irrespective of whether or not the oil contains asphaltenes, it has been suggested that asphaltenes enhance foaminess. Claridge and Prats(6) proposed that bubble stability is related to the asphaltenes adsorption at the gas-oil interface, which protects bubbles against coalescence. However, experimental results on the effect of asphaltenes are conflicting. In micromodel experiments, Bora et al.(7) observed that asphaltenes lower coalescence rates. Tang and Firoozabadi(8) did not observe any differences in comparing crude oil and silicon oil with similar viscosity. Other authors have suggested that foaming and surface properties of crude oils change with the asphaltenes concentration(9–12).
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,006 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».