Modest harvests: on the significant (but limited) impact of human rights NGOs on legislative and executive behaviour in Nigeria
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This article argues that the community of self-described human rights NGOs that are indigenous to and operate in Nigeria have, over the last fourteen years or so, exerted a modest yet significant level of influence on the behaviour of both the executive and legislative branches of government in Nigeria. This influence has been exerted despite the harshness of military regimes that ruled that country for most of the relevant period. The factors that have facilitated the modest impact that these NGOs have had within Nigeria include their ability (at times) to work in coalitions; the highly innovative ends-means calculations made by NGO activists; their virtual alliance with a wing of the Nigerian judiciary and an important section of the mass media; their ability to creatively deploy international texts, processes and pressure within Nigeria; the deep cleavages within the Nigerian state and its elite that have led to a political culture that is much more amenable to negotiated settlements than is commonly acknowledged in the literature; and the unrelenting disposition, remarkable tenacity, and courage of most of the activists that run and operate these NGOs. The factors that have limited the extent of the success that these NGOs have so far enjoyed are conceptual and institutional in nature. The conceptual factors are their (albeit changing) tendency in this context to treat socio-economic, gender-related, minority, and environmental rights work as more marginal than civil/political rights activism; and their failure to pay any appreciable attention to the aspects of the local cultures and pre-existing languages of dignity that might advance their work among Nigeria's majority rural population. The institutional factors include their excessive fragmentation and proliferation; the de-institutionalization of most of their organizational forms and resort to personal rule; their donor-dependence and consequent failure to canvass the local population for funds and resources; and the elite and urban-centred orientation of most of these NGOs. Each of these factors has affected negatively their ability to mass mobilize and connect deeply with the yearnings of the masses of ordinary Nigerians.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».