<i>Ab initio</i> all-electron fully relativistic Dirac–Fock self-consistent field calculations for molecules of superheavy elements: Seaborgium hexabromide

Gargantuan ab initio all-electron fully relativistic Dirac–Fock (DF) and nonrelativistic (NR) Hartree–Fock (HF) limit self-consistent field (SCF) molecular calculations are reported for SgBr6 at various Sg–Br bond distances assuming an octahedral geometry. Our fully relativistic Dirac–Fock and nonrelativistic HF calculations predict for SgBr6 bond distance of 2.52 and 2.59 Å, respectively. Both our DF and NR HF SCF calculations predict the ground state of SgBr6 to be bound, with the predicted atomization energy of 18.75 and 11.53 eV, respectively. A relativistic Dirac–Fock wave function predicts for SgBr6∼63% larger atomization energy than the corresponding NR HF calculation. The vertical ionization potential of SgBr6 calculated with our DF and HF wave functions is almost the same, viz., 10.60 and 10.78 eV, respectively. This is due to the fact that the HOMO consists entirely of the combination of the 4p AOs of the six Br ligands, for which relativistic effects are nominal. However, the vertical electron affinity calculated with our HF and DF wave function for SgBr6 is 5.35 and 3.80 eV, respectively. The calculated HF HOMO–LUMO gap of 7.74 eV is in fairly close agreement with that of 8.91 eV obtained from the corresponding DF relativistic MOs for SgBr6. These results can be understood in terms of the nature of the HOMOs and LUMOs calculated in our HF and DF calculations for SgBr6. Mulliken population analysis of our relativistic DF and HF wave functions yields a charge of 1.26 and 0.70, respectively on Sg in SgBr6; our DF wave function predicts SgBr6 to be more ionic (and less volatile) than that by the corresponding HF wave function. Our prediction of the bond dissociation energy of 44 and 72 kcal mol−1 with our NR HF and relativistic DF wave functions, respectively for SgBr6 is a first for a species of a superheavy transactinide element, as is our prediction of a positive electron affinity for SgBr6 with both our HF and DF wave functions.

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