Residency programs at the Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College

IntroductionTable 1Overview of the CMCC residency programYear 1Year 2Year 3Core, specialty curriculaContinue core, specialty curriculaComplete specialty curriculumWritten requirements: minimum 1 literature review, 1 book report (NA radiology residency), 1 case reportWritten requirements: minimum 2 book reports (NA radiology residency), 2 case reportsComplete written requirements: maximum 1 book review, 1 case reportTeaching: 18 contact hours per week (approximately), academic and clinical (ie, rounds, not intern supervision) divisions, “teaching buddies”Teaching: 18 contact hours per week (preferably 3 days per week), academic/clinical (including intern supervision) divisionsTeaching: academic/clinical divisionsResidents' clinics/preceptorships: 2 to 3 half-days per weekResident's clinics/preceptorshipsBegin research mentorshipContinue research, external rotation, independent (third-party) assessment/rounds, observationComplete research, specialty placements, independent assessment/rounds and participationCMCC clinic out-of-hours, on-call rotation; assistant clinician on SaturdaysSelf-directed learningSelf-directed learningSelf-directed learningSummative, formative evaluations (meet with coordinator): benchmarks established by consensus of coordinatorsEvaluationsComplete evaluationsNA, Not applicable. Open table in a new tab PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe the CMCC residency programs in terms of their establishment and current functions. Although sample sizes are small, precluding definitive statements, selected outcome measures are presented to indicate the relative success of these programs in fulfilling their goals. Recommendations for the future of chiropractic residency programs are then presented based on the experience of the past 25 years.HistoryIn 1973, Recommendation 7 of the Ontario Council of Health report stated “that graduates of the College of Chiropractic who are considered to be suitable candidates for academic positions in Chiropractic be encouraged to undertake a two- or a three-year period of research or further education in chiropractic and/or a related discipline.”1Ontario Council of Health Scope of practice and educational requirements for chiropractors in Ontario. : The Council, Toronto1973Google Scholar At approximately the same time, the relatively new specialty of family medicine was beginning to experience a lack of its own academics and researchers.2Bland CJ Schmitz CC Characteristics of the successful researcher and implications for faculty development.J Med Ed. 1986; 61: 22-31PubMed Google Scholar, 3Sangster JF Evaluating a graduate studies program.Can Fam Phys. 1990; 36: 1957-1970PubMed Google ScholarRecognizing the necessity for the chiropractic profession to develop its own corps of qualified researchers, teachers, and clinical specialists,4Halderman S Why chiropractic needs a post-graduate school.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1975; 19: 14-37Google Scholar, 5Henderson DJ Kogon PL Postgraduate courses leading to advanced training and certification in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 21-22Google Scholar, 6Bergeron JP Chiropractic and specialties. President's message.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 47Google Scholar, 7Wiles MR Specialization in chiropractic: a construct for the future [editorial].J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1984; 28: 193-195Google Scholar, 8Coulter ID Professional graduate studies in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1986; 30: 177-181Google Scholar groups of eminent (Ontario) chiropractors formed the College of Chiropractic Roentgenology9MacRae JE Canadian College of Chiropractic Roentgenology.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: 12Google Scholar and the College of Chiropractic Sciences (Canada) in the 1970s10Keating Jr, JC Toward a philosophy of the science of chiropractic: a primer for clinicians. : Stockton Foundation for Chiropractic Research, Stockton (CA)1992Google Scholar, 11Grier A Charbonneau M Herzog W Peterson D Vernon H Papadopoulos C Report on the task force on chiropractic research in Canada.in: : Can Chiropr Assoc, Toronto1996: 21-24Google Scholar under the auspices of the Canadian Chiropractic Association. In conjunction with this, analogous full-time residency programs were established at the CMCC. (Didactic field practitioner programs were also offered at various times as a non-residency-based avenue to qualify for fellowship in chiropractic specialty colleges.)There was no formal, structured curriculum at first. The only of clinical and were the relatively and and the of the specialty the current with the M of Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar chiropractic of the of the in Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: Scholar, of in with Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar in clinic and at the CMCC in research and was not for 1 and 2 and of the of the College of Chiropractic to of the of was in for with to a research Sciences to to with the of the residency was and the and of the this was to in the residency only at in as of their and in various and in chiropractic to were by and at chiropractors and in research and of the clinical and of this to of the for CMCC to and to with in The a on chiropractic be the The were by the and were to the for of the in terms of and the chiropractic profession in the the to CMCC. the faculty who the the establishment of this residency were chiropractors who was to new and the of chiropractic and by the and as the of the and of and the of chiropractic in or were to this on the CMCC to the by the curriculum and by the and the of for CMCC residency programs the the was by clinical and research In a residency in was the residency was 2 to 3 to the for the of the Chiropractic of The Sciences and Sciences also be to 3 of to the to the curriculum and the residency research and chiropractic and clinical book case 1 literature case 1 literature book case 1 literature Open table in a new tab their the residency programs to and develop chiropractic and faculty CJ fellowship programs in family Med Ed. Google Scholar, past and future for faculty Google Scholar as as clinical purpose of residency training in clinical 1990; Google Scholar, Ed. Google The current programs to on these goals. 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Scholar, of the 20: Google at the outcome is of the and were the for was in the residency the of graduates of the residency programs their the of chiropractic researchers, and of chiropractic or and to and is no the of and graduates in these is to of their are in these 1 Sciences who and graduates of the residency programs at the the 1 also a and is in a 1 of these is to of the 25 of the CMCC residency the and of chiropractic specialty are related to residency and of chiropractic is the of this be of Canadian chiropractic specialty of not a residency are and of various chiropractic programs who are as as chiropractic teachers, and not graduate a residency The for this only and of of CMCC residency is no of or residency graduates or graduates and who not a residency these are not the of chiropractic residency programs is and to the graduates independent and In a residency be to a of and be to the and of residency graduates with of chiropractors who not graduate a residency who various courses and who in and the for chiropractic residency programs to be the outcome measures of residency graduates were no of outcome measures of graduates of chiropractic residency and of a chiropractic residency and to and are not of The same are for success in the practice of graduates of residency be chiropractors by the on and then the and for clinical research, and/or to the CMCC residency programs these 3 on the be this in for the who and not their graduates who or not and who or not their be to for the in of the current not practice chiropractic and their to practice with The residency graduates are is lack of the of and of and be as the the these 2 of of and to be in for is the on and on clinical practice to who not their residency and a who of the in research, and these 2 Although the for graduates who to be the to studies further to this to the a residency is the and 3 of the residency the with and of their programs be for in and research is a for is who the and and the for chiropractic at in the of the profession in and of chiropractic be be in the for of and of residency programs at CMCC. CMCC on the of for and at various and chiropractic to of the the of this on CMCC faculty and and on the of and clinical also be implications for the chiropractic to research, its and in on and in of specialty the Canadian of Chiropractic is to the of chiropractic in is a chiropractic specialty and the current of specialty be to only then in these the of the CMCC residency of chiropractic residency the with the of the of of the or of in and on the with on the of to and and external to their to a of and a of chiropractic residency a is on and chiropractic with residency programs also their in a residency programs be to and a various and in be and with (ie, of the CMCC residency programs in research and chiropractic to the establishment of chiropractic on with in and clinical are in as to the and to clinical practice with of their residency who on to and in a chiropractic specialty are to and purpose and of chiropractic residency programs of residency programs in the of this the to the chiropractic and requirements for residency programs and their IntroductionTable 1Overview of the CMCC residency programYear 1Year 2Year 3Core, specialty curriculaContinue core, specialty curriculaComplete specialty curriculumWritten requirements: minimum 1 literature review, 1 book report (NA radiology residency), 1 case reportWritten requirements: minimum 2 book reports (NA radiology residency), 2 case reportsComplete written requirements: maximum 1 book review, 1 case reportTeaching: 18 contact hours per week (approximately), academic and clinical (ie, rounds, not intern supervision) divisions, “teaching buddies”Teaching: 18 contact hours per week (preferably 3 days per week), academic/clinical (including intern supervision) divisionsTeaching: academic/clinical divisionsResidents' clinics/preceptorships: 2 to 3 half-days per weekResident's clinics/preceptorshipsBegin research mentorshipContinue research, external rotation, independent (third-party) assessment/rounds, observationComplete research, specialty placements, independent assessment/rounds and participationCMCC clinic out-of-hours, on-call rotation; assistant clinician on SaturdaysSelf-directed learningSelf-directed learningSelf-directed learningSummative, formative evaluations (meet with coordinator): benchmarks established by consensus of coordinatorsEvaluationsComplete evaluationsNA, Not applicable. Open table in a new tab Not applicable. PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe the CMCC residency programs in terms of their establishment and current functions. Although sample sizes are small, precluding definitive statements, selected outcome measures are presented to indicate the relative success of these programs in fulfilling their goals. Recommendations for the future of chiropractic residency programs are then presented based on the experience of the past 25 years.HistoryIn 1973, Recommendation 7 of the Ontario Council of Health report stated “that graduates of the College of Chiropractic who are considered to be suitable candidates for academic positions in Chiropractic be encouraged to undertake a two- or a three-year period of research or further education in chiropractic and/or a related discipline.”1Ontario Council of Health Scope of practice and educational requirements for chiropractors in Ontario. : The Council, Toronto1973Google Scholar At approximately the same time, the relatively new specialty of family medicine was beginning to experience a lack of its own academics and researchers.2Bland CJ Schmitz CC Characteristics of the successful researcher and implications for faculty development.J Med Ed. 1986; 61: 22-31PubMed Google Scholar, 3Sangster JF Evaluating a graduate studies program.Can Fam Phys. 1990; 36: 1957-1970PubMed Google ScholarRecognizing the necessity for the chiropractic profession to develop its own corps of qualified researchers, teachers, and clinical specialists,4Halderman S Why chiropractic needs a post-graduate school.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1975; 19: 14-37Google Scholar, 5Henderson DJ Kogon PL Postgraduate courses leading to advanced training and certification in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 21-22Google Scholar, 6Bergeron JP Chiropractic and specialties. President's message.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 47Google Scholar, 7Wiles MR Specialization in chiropractic: a construct for the future [editorial].J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1984; 28: 193-195Google Scholar, 8Coulter ID Professional graduate studies in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1986; 30: 177-181Google Scholar groups of eminent (Ontario) chiropractors formed the College of Chiropractic Roentgenology9MacRae JE Canadian College of Chiropractic Roentgenology.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: 12Google Scholar and the College of Chiropractic Sciences (Canada) in the 1970s10Keating Jr, JC Toward a philosophy of the science of chiropractic: a primer for clinicians. : Stockton Foundation for Chiropractic Research, Stockton (CA)1992Google Scholar, 11Grier A Charbonneau M Herzog W Peterson D Vernon H Papadopoulos C Report on the task force on chiropractic research in Canada.in: : Can Chiropr Assoc, Toronto1996: 21-24Google Scholar under the auspices of the Canadian Chiropractic Association. In conjunction with this, analogous full-time residency programs were established at the CMCC. (Didactic field practitioner programs were also offered at various times as a non-residency-based avenue to qualify for fellowship in chiropractic specialty colleges.)There was no formal, structured curriculum at first. The only of clinical and were the relatively and and the of the specialty the current with the M of Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar chiropractic of the of the in Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: Scholar, of in with Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar in clinic and at the CMCC in research and was not for 1 and 2 and of the of the College of Chiropractic to of the of was in for with to a research Sciences to to with the of the residency was and the and of the this was to in the residency only at in as of their and in various and in chiropractic to were by and at chiropractors and in research and of the clinical and of this to of the for CMCC to and to with in The a on chiropractic be the The were by the and were to the for of the in terms of and the chiropractic profession in the the to CMCC. the faculty who the the establishment of this residency were chiropractors who was to new and the of chiropractic and by the and as the of the and of and the of chiropractic in or were to this on the CMCC to the by the curriculum and by the and the of for CMCC residency programs the the was by clinical and research In a residency in was the residency was 2 to 3 to the for the of the Chiropractic of The Sciences and Sciences also be to 3 of to the to the curriculum and the residency research and chiropractic and clinical book case 1 literature case 1 literature book case 1 literature Open table in a new tab their the residency programs to and develop chiropractic and faculty CJ fellowship programs in family Med Ed. Google Scholar, past and future for faculty Google Scholar as as clinical purpose of residency training in clinical 1990; Google Scholar, Ed. Google The current programs to on these goals. In to training in research in the the research of is by the of in the CMCC faculty and the in the residency the to for research and residency a of research and requirements under the of their is of the residency and The residency programs are of a curriculum the and clinical and research The curriculum is to the of clinical and research and to a for JE The of a on and evaluations of their Google Scholar Chiropractic clinical are the at to for clinical and research and for at CMCC is by the practice for in a chiropractic clinic of a of with and by a of a chiropractic specialty as as new are selected by a of CMCC the residency the of and a are CMCC to Council on Chiropractic chiropractic and in chiropractic are also and chiropractors various of these to or to practice in Ontario or are not in residency programs at is based on past academic research experience or and a structured to the for on and clinical the are the the formed in The then the based on their as are offered residency positions to their no 3 are of the residency to be of of are offered is residency positions not be in a The of 2 to per with of of as the is in a research and a CMCC faculty with the residency the In to formative and evaluations of by their faculty with are encouraged to faculty (ie, a also for the of Although structured clinical are for of The structured clinical The new for clinical Google Scholar, The of the structured clinical for and in graduate Google Scholar and this for S M S A of structured clinical for medicine and Med Google is their A of the and is to the and of the of the clinical and research of the chiropractic profession of the specialty of a CMCC residency to JC is the chiropractic Assoc. to clinical and research for is and for its to the of research, and of the considered to the for of time, and are the The purpose of this article is to describe the CMCC residency programs in terms of their establishment and current functions. Although sample sizes are small, precluding definitive statements, selected outcome measures are presented to indicate the relative success of these programs in fulfilling their goals. Recommendations for the future of chiropractic residency programs are then presented based on the experience of the past 25 1973, Recommendation 7 of the Ontario Council of Health report stated “that graduates of the College of Chiropractic who are considered to be suitable candidates for academic positions in Chiropractic be encouraged to undertake a two- or a three-year period of research or further education in chiropractic and/or a related discipline.”1Ontario Council of Health Scope of practice and educational requirements for chiropractors in Ontario. : The Council, Toronto1973Google Scholar At approximately the same time, the relatively new specialty of family medicine was beginning to experience a lack of its own academics and researchers.2Bland CJ Schmitz CC Characteristics of the successful researcher and implications for faculty development.J Med Ed. 1986; 61: 22-31PubMed Google Scholar, 3Sangster JF Evaluating a graduate studies program.Can Fam Phys. 1990; 36: 1957-1970PubMed Google ScholarRecognizing the necessity for the chiropractic profession to develop its own corps of qualified researchers, teachers, and clinical specialists,4Halderman S Why chiropractic needs a post-graduate school.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1975; 19: 14-37Google Scholar, 5Henderson DJ Kogon PL Postgraduate courses leading to advanced training and certification in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 21-22Google Scholar, 6Bergeron JP Chiropractic and specialties. President's message.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 47Google Scholar, 7Wiles MR Specialization in chiropractic: a construct for the future [editorial].J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1984; 28: 193-195Google Scholar, 8Coulter ID Professional graduate studies in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1986; 30: 177-181Google Scholar groups of eminent (Ontario) chiropractors formed the College of Chiropractic Roentgenology9MacRae JE Canadian College of Chiropractic Roentgenology.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: 12Google Scholar and the College of Chiropractic Sciences (Canada) in the 1970s10Keating Jr, JC Toward a philosophy of the science of chiropractic: a primer for clinicians. : Stockton Foundation for Chiropractic Research, Stockton (CA)1992Google Scholar, 11Grier A Charbonneau M Herzog W Peterson D Vernon H Papadopoulos C Report on the task force on chiropractic research in Canada.in: : Can Chiropr Assoc, Toronto1996: 21-24Google Scholar under the auspices of the Canadian Chiropractic Association. In conjunction with this, analogous full-time residency programs were established at the CMCC. (Didactic field practitioner programs were also offered at various times as a non-residency-based avenue to qualify for fellowship in chiropractic specialty colleges.)There was no formal, structured curriculum at first. The only of clinical and were the relatively and and the of the specialty the current with the M of Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar chiropractic of the of the in Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: Scholar, of in with Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar in clinic and at the CMCC in research and was not for 1 and 2 and of the of the College of Chiropractic to of the of was in for with to a research Sciences to to with the of the residency was and the and of the this was to in the residency only at in as of their and in various and in chiropractic to were by and at chiropractors and in research and of the clinical and of this to of the for CMCC to and to with in The a on chiropractic be the The were by the and were to the for of the in terms of and the chiropractic profession in the the to CMCC. the faculty who the the establishment of this residency were chiropractors who was to new and the of chiropractic and by the and as the of the and of and the of chiropractic in or were to this on the CMCC to the by the curriculum and by the and the of for In 1973, Recommendation 7 of the Ontario Council of Health report stated “that graduates of the College of Chiropractic who are considered to be suitable candidates for academic positions in Chiropractic be encouraged to undertake a two- or a three-year period of research or further education in chiropractic and/or a related discipline.”1Ontario Council of Health Scope of practice and educational requirements for chiropractors in Ontario. : The Council, Toronto1973Google Scholar At approximately the same time, the relatively new specialty of family medicine was beginning to experience a lack of its own academics and researchers.2Bland CJ Schmitz CC Characteristics of the successful researcher and implications for faculty development.J Med Ed. 1986; 61: 22-31PubMed Google Scholar, 3Sangster JF Evaluating a graduate studies program.Can Fam Phys. 1990; 36: 1957-1970PubMed Google Scholar the necessity for the chiropractic profession to develop its own corps of qualified researchers, teachers, and clinical specialists,4Halderman S Why chiropractic needs a post-graduate school.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1975; 19: 14-37Google Scholar, 5Henderson DJ Kogon PL Postgraduate courses leading to advanced training and certification in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 21-22Google Scholar, 6Bergeron JP Chiropractic and specialties. President's message.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1981; 25: 47Google Scholar, 7Wiles MR Specialization in chiropractic: a construct for the future [editorial].J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1984; 28: 193-195Google Scholar, 8Coulter ID Professional graduate studies in chiropractic.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1986; 30: 177-181Google Scholar groups of eminent (Ontario) chiropractors formed the College of Chiropractic Roentgenology9MacRae JE Canadian College of Chiropractic Roentgenology.J Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: 12Google Scholar and the College of Chiropractic Sciences (Canada) in the 1970s10Keating Jr, JC Toward a philosophy of the science of chiropractic: a primer for clinicians. : Stockton Foundation for Chiropractic Research, Stockton (CA)1992Google Scholar, 11Grier A Charbonneau M Herzog W Peterson D Vernon H Papadopoulos C Report on the task force on chiropractic research in Canada.in: : Can Chiropr Assoc, Toronto1996: 21-24Google Scholar under the auspices of the Canadian Chiropractic Association. In conjunction with this, analogous full-time residency programs were established at the CMCC. (Didactic field practitioner programs were also offered at various times as a non-residency-based avenue to qualify for fellowship in chiropractic specialty was no formal, structured curriculum at first. The only of clinical and were the relatively and and the of the specialty the current with the M of Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar chiropractic of the of the in Can Chiropr Assoc. 1976; 20: Scholar, of in with Can Chiropr Assoc. Scholar in clinic and at the CMCC in research and was not for 1 and 2 and of the of the College of Chiropractic to of the of was in for with to a research Sciences to to with the of the residency was and the and of the this was to in the residency only at in as of their and in various and in chiropractic to were by and at chiropractors and in research and of the clinical and of this to of the for CMCC to and to with in The a on chiropractic be the The were by the and were to the for of The the in terms of and the chiropractic profession in the the to CMCC. the faculty who the the establishment of this residency were chiropractors who was to new and At the of chiropractic and

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