Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background and aim Poisoning and deaths linked to methadone have risen since the beginning of methadone treatment.1 2 Methadone poisoning is common among children.3 The aim of this review was to explore methadone toxicity cases in children. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted to examine current knowledge regarding methadone toxicity in children. Methadone poisoning cases in the world were reviewed, as well as the number of methadone-related deaths. The databases searched were EMBASE, MEDLINE and PubMed. All relevant titles, abstracts and full articles were obtained and read. Results 38-eight studies were identified which included a total of 62 children (3 weeks–13 years; median=2 years). Of the 62 cases, 26 cases were reported in the USA, 12 cases in the UK, six in France, five in China, four in Canada, two in Germany, one in Switzerland, one in Italy, one in Austria, one in Portugal, one in Poland, one in Slovakia and one in Malaysia. Twenty-nine children died due to methadone toxicity. Methadone plasma/serum concentrations were measured in 27 cases (22 died and 5 survived). The methadone plasma/serum concentrations in the 22 children who died range from 60 to 1200 µg/l (median: 385 µg/l). The plasma/serum concentrations of methadone in the five children who survived ranged from 30 to 360 µg/l (median: 100 µg/l). The common signs and symptoms were central nervous system depression 92% (n=57), respiratory depression 58% (n=36) and miosis 50% (n=31). It is not possible to be certain as to how many children were deliberately poisoned and how many cases were accidental. It is likely that most of the 11 infants (<12 months old) were poisoned deliberately. In three cases, the methadone was a contaminant in an antibiotic suspension. Conclusion Methadone is a dangerous drug for children, because ingestion of tiny amounts can lead to death. A common cause of accidental poisoning of children is careless storage. Methadone toxicity is characterised by respiratory depression, central nervous system depression and miosis. There are overlaps between toxic and fatal concentrations. Accidental poisoning with methadone can be reduced by the education of patients, supervision of methadone consumption, dispensing of methadone doses in resistant bottles for children and storage of methadone in safe places.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».