Notice bibliographique
Résumé
McCarthy and associates observe that analyses of racial/ethnic health disparities in countries with substantial recent immigrant populations must consider the effects of nativity, for this factor influences health differences. We acknowledge this crucial observation, and indeed we are familiar with the literature on healthy migrants. For example, an up-to-date Statistics Canada report indicates that foreign-born individuals report fewer chronic conditions than nonimmigrants.1 This foreign-born advantage persists after the introduction of controls for age, education, and income. Of interest to McCarthy and others, this report also observes that health risk behaviors (e.g., tobacco consumption) differ between immigrants and nonimmigrants, but that these differences cannot account for the differences in health outcomes. We have completed research—also using nationally representative data—into the healthy migrant (or immigrant) effect, specifically testing whether this phenomenon applies to depression and whether the effect on depression varies with length of residence.2 Our results confirmed that the healthy migrant advantage with regard to depression appears to be concentrated among recent, non-European immigrants, especially Asians, and therefore may not be generalizable. Other research shows a similar pattern for chronic conditions and disabilities.3 In other words, the so-called healthy migrant effect may be spurious and could actually represent a socio-cultural health effect. McCarthy and colleagues remark that we should be more cautious in our speculative explanation for the superior functional health of Canadian Blacks compared with US Blacks, considering that national differences in immigration histories may confound our findings. We agree that differences in health care policies may not hold the answer, but data and space limitations prevented us from giving a more satisfying explanation. In any case, modeling the healthy migrant effect is virtually impossible without data from source countries, which are necessary to determine whether individual health status is a consistent selection factor in the international migration process. Our results do, however, confirm that the reported functional health of Canadian Blacks is better after control for immigrant status. We therefore rule out the healthy migrant effect as a valid explanation for why Canadian Blacks are healthier than the Canadian average. Moreover, US research demonstrates that Black–White health differences are attenuated after control for socioeconomic status.4 This finding lends indirect support to our argument that Canada’s single-payer health insurance system is a plausible reason for health differences between Canadian and US Blacks. In the United States, in contrast to Canada, there is obviously a robust correlation between health care access and socioeconomic status.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».