Monastiraki Katalimata. Excavation of a Cretan Refuge Site, 1993-2000 (review)
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Reviewed by: Monastiraki Katalimata. Excavation of a Cretan Refuge Site, 1993-2000 David Rupp Krzystof Nowicki . Monastiraki Katalimata. Excavation of a Cretan Refuge Site, 1993-2000 (with Forward by Metaxia Tsipopoulou). Prehistory Monographs 24. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, 2008. xxv, pp. 166, figs. 91, pls. 139. US $70.00 (Cloth). ISBN 13: 9781931534246 From the excavation at Monastiraki-Chalasmenos, the site of Monastiraki-Katalimata in the middle of the north cliff face of the Cha Gorge on the east side of the Isthmus of Ierapetra (Crete) seems very distant and remote. These essential truths are reinforced when ones sees from far below the lone excavator, Krysztof Nowicki, standing on the edge of Terrace C upper and dump a zembili full of dirt into the persistent the wind. At the beginning of the 20th century, Harriet Boyd's impression of the site via a "spyglass" as very inaccessible seems believable. Despite being a true "refuge settlement" of the 12th century BCE, it always has been accessible to intrepid, determined individuals through the present. Nowicki's excavations in the 1990s, following up surface survey by Donald Haggis and him in 1990 (Haggis and Nowicki 1993), demonstrated that the series of ledges were inhabited both before and after the main period of use in the early Late Minoan IIIC. Unfortunately the visits of shepherds and hunters over the past century as well as natural rock falls and erosion have reduced significantly the architectural remains that were visible to Boyd from afar. The excavation of Katalimata was conducted over five seasons, between them lasting 12 weeks in total. It was a project associated with the Greek American synergasia at the nearby and much lower mid-LM IIIC site of Chalasmenos directed by Dr. Metaxia Tsipopoulou (Hellenic Ministry of Culture) and the late Dr. William D.E. Coulson (American School of Classical Studies at Athens). For most of the time Nowicki was the sole excavator. Access to the area of inhabitation is limited to a long narrow "Entry Path" that leads to the southwest from the scree of Papoura of the Thriphti Mountains to nine bedrock ledges. The ledges, three below the level of the path and five above it, vary in width and length. A secondary point of access from high above was guarded by walls at Epano Katalimata. Nowicki postulates a tripartite settlement pattern with at least ten units or houses/ "camps" (Buildings B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K and M?). Given the state of the preservation of the walls and the archaeological deposits as well as the time and resources available to him, Nowicki concentrated on the excavation of Building C on the relatively spacious (17 x 12 m) "Terrace C upper". The large (12 x 7 m) multi-room Building C has an internal area [End Page 296] of about 40 m2. In total "65 m2 were unearthed—approximately 50% of the entire area of Terrace C but about 70% of the part that could actually be excavated" (p. 3). After an informative contextualization of the research and excavations (Forward) by Tsipopoulou and two chapters (Introduction and Topography of the Site) the majority of the publication under review deals with the excavation of Terrace C, its interpretation, the catalogues of finds, pottery groups and small finds and a reconstruction of the "History of Terrace C". The final Chapter 5 is "Monastiraki Katalimata and Cretan History." Using the material from the original surface collections and the excavation as well as his previous extensive research in defensible sites (2000) Nowicki reconstructs six phases of occupation. The first apparently limited use of at least Terrace C was toward the end of Final Neolithic II (ca. 3500 BCE) when immigration to coastal regions by groups from the Dodecanese and southwestern Anatolia seemed to have forced native Cretans to seek refuge. What is difficult to explain is the complete absence of any evidence for use associated with the post-Early Minoan II destructions seen throughout the island. For a short period at the end of Middle Minoan IIB (ca. 1700 BCE) there must have been a widespread, serious threat of warfare as the destructions seen at many open, lowland sites attest...
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».