Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Technology Focus Last year’s Offshore Facilities Technology Focus (February 2014) highlighted the slowdown of new-project approvals that the inflated cost of doing business in the oil and gas sector had already brought about. That slowdown has continued throughout the past year, although the high cost of goods and services has been replaced as the driver by the much lower revenues now attainable from the oil and gas produced. In many cases, the currently required capital investment cannot be justified. Of course, the cost of goods and services will gradually moderate as the demand from operators temporarily wanes, but the project activity will really pick up again only when the value of the hydrocarbons recovers to a point where confidence in longer-term economic viability is restored. Meanwhile, we risk witnessing yet another cycle of layoffs and redundancies, even while the wailing over resource shortages for the tasks ahead still echoes around the upstream corridors of power. One of the phenomena examined in this year’s feature is the destabilizing escalation in weight, and hence cost, of offshore facilities that has been an increasingly common feature of our industry after project sanction at a given commitment level. This is clearly something the industry has to get a proper grip on before confidence can be restored fully. We also continue to highlight a theme that has appeared in each of the last four editions of the Offshore Facilities feature, namely the critical importance and benefits of effective collaboration at all levels and between sectors of our industry in honing the efficiency with which development objectives are achieved. Availability and application of new ways of tackling tough development challenges remain key components of this collaborative quest for ever-better operational efficiency. We delve into several recent examples of how this has been achieved, using new technologies, methods, and materials. It is hoped that these might serve as a timely reminder to avoid temporary layoffs by encouraging instead a redeployment of resources temporarily liberated by the current lull in field-development activity. Many of these could, and perhaps should, be tasked with qualifying the next tranche of new approaches that will benefit the eventual resumption of unfettered field- development activity. Innovation is the life-blood of any high-tech industry, and the operators are the primary beneficiaries of its application. If we do not take advantage of opportunities such as those currently presented, to focus liberated resources onto developing and qualifying the innovations needed for enabling the next set of challenges to be overcome, then we will have only our collective selves to blame. JPT Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org. OTC 25354 Espirito Santo: Operational Feedback on the Use of Steel Risers on a Turret-Moored FPSO by Andrew Newport, SBM Offshore, et al. OTC 24834 Concept Evaluation of Concrete Floating Liquefied Natural Gas by A. Nezamian, WorleyParsons, et al. SPE 170696 Upstream-Offshore- Facility Weight-Growth Study by Ray Rui, Independent Project Analysis, et al.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».