Independent Spirits Driving the Offshore Industry
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Preface This manuscript is intended to set the stage for a panel discussion, ‘Independent Spirits Driving the Offshore Industry’, scheduled for Tuesday, May 2, 2006. The manuscript includes input from participants of this panel, who are:Brian Reinsborough, VP of Exploration, Nexen Inc.Earl Reynolds, Vice President and General Manager, Devon EnergyGene Van Dyke, Chairman and CEO, Vanco EnergyJohn Simon, VP Development, Amerada Hess CorporationCory Loegering, VP of Deepwater, Mariner EnergyBertrand VAN DEN BERGHE, Exploration Manager of GEOPETROL InternationalThe ModeratorsSandeep Khurana, Project Manager - Subsea Systems, JP Kenny, Inc.Greg Carter, President, Nautilus Offshore In the past 10 years independents have experienced a record-breaking production-replacement ratio of 135 percent, compared to the industry norm of 80 percent. Because of their entrepreneurial sprit, independents have used their small size and flexible approach to design more-efficient development plans and participate alongside majors in high-impact discoveries that include deepwater and ultra-deepwater fields, international activities, and marginal developments. Independents are now poised to play an important role in growing worldwide energy demand. The panel will discuss some of the strategies independents have adopted to continue this trend. The panelists will address the following:Production growth vs. reserve replacement;Stepping out from mature shelf to deepwater and ultradeepwater regions;Stretching applied technology envelopes;Developing strong relationships with industry and government partners;Building strong technical teams supplemented by global contractors Defining Independent Oil Companies Generally speaking, size is taken as prime criteria to broadly classify the oil and gas companies as either major corporations or independent companies. To be classified as a major firm, an oil or gas company must be integrated to a substantial degree; it must be engaged in all phases of the industry. These phases include exploration, production, transportation, manufacturing, refining and retailing. MMS (Minerals Management Services) tends to define major oil companies, or majors, as companies with largest assets, revenues and reserves. Majors are integrated companies with more than 1 billion BOE in petroleum reserves worldwide. Most of the majors have exploration and development funds in excess of $100 million, going up to 1500 million. Large independent oil companies, or independents, are those firms cited in the Oil and Gas Journal list of largest 100 firms that are not majors, but have assets of at least $500 million, and exploration and development funds of $30 to $300 million. The rest of the oil and gas companies are defined as small independents. Keeping size as the main criteria, MMS sometimes sub-divides independents as integrated or non-integrated. Integrated independents tend to have refining and retailing, although they may not have an extensive pump recognition or overseas coverage as majors.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
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Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».