Experimental Evaluation of Fouling Processes in Porous Polyethylene Well Screens Used for Horizontal Wells
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The hydraulic performance of porous polyethylene well screens was examined in laboratory columns to understand the processes that affect well performance in many field applications. Conditions studied included (1) well‐screen pore size; (2) the presence of biodegradable drilling fluid, biological electron acceptors, and biofouling organisms; and (3) chlorine development. Custom‐fabricated, segmentable acrylic columns (8.9 cm diameter. 64 cm length) were employed using a factorial design statistical approach to mimic a variety of representative field conditions experienced during field applications. After circular well‐screen coupons (circular sections of the well screen cut to match the diameter of the columns) were cut and secured horizontally in the columns, sand media, and, in some cases, biodegradable drilling fluid were packed on top of the well screens. Those columns receiving chlorine development were allowed to sit overnight after a 1000 ppm chlorine solution was introduced beneath the well screen following upflow saturation. The columns were upflow saturated and then operated with simulated ground water in a down flow mode under constant hydraulic head for up to 75 days. Residual head with depth was measured and flux density values were recorded over time. Effluent samples were collected and analyzed for dissolved oxygen (D.O.), electrical conductance, pH, and total solids. After achieving pseudo‐steady‐state throughput condition as indicated by relatively constant effluent flux densities, the columns were dismantled and the well‐screen coupons were examined under a scanning electron microscope to observe causes of any loss in flow observed. The hydraulic conductivities of the well screens were also measured before and after operation in the columns. Results show that these porous polyethylene well screens resist fouling due to microbial colonization or chemical precipitation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed little or no colonization of the surfaces by microbes or blockage of pores by particle entrapment. Hydraulic head measurements revealed that the cause of headloss in the columns was a result of processes that occurred in the overlying sand media and not within the well screens themselves.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».