Notice bibliographique
Résumé
First published in 1986 with a second edition in 1994, this third edition has been completely rewritten under the editorship of Stephen Lock in England, John Last in Canada and George Dunea in the United States. With the help of some 250 contributors, all acknowledged experts, they have done a truly magnificent task to encompass so much in 881 double-column pages. To give some idea of the scope of the book here is a list of the topics included under the letter A: Abortion, Absinthe, Abuse of old people, Academic medicine, Academie de Medecine, Academies, Acupuncture, Addiction, Adverse drug reactions, Advertising, Africa (history, present and future), Age and aging, Alchemy, AIDS, Alcohol, Allergy, Allied medical professions, Alternative medicine, Altitude sickness, Anatomy, Alzheimer's disease, Anaemia, Anaesthesia, Animals as carriers of disease, Anorexia nervosa, Antibiotics and anti-infective drugs, Anti-vivisection/animal rights movements, Apothecaries, Appliances (crutches and Zimmer frames etc), Arab medicine, Architecture, Aristotle, Art, Arthritis, Arthroscopy, Associations, Asthma, Asylums, Astrology, Atheroma, Audit, Medical systems in Australia, Doctors as authors, Autopsy and Ayurvedic medicine. Where appropriate the history is given, perhaps in some instances in too great detail, and each topic is dealt with in a length proportionate to its importance in words comprehensible to the educated non-medical reader. For example, under Abortion there are paragraphs on therapeutic abortion, abortion in Britain, methods of inducing abortion including mifepristone and prostaglandins, abortion world-wide, illegal abortion and a graph showing the legal abortion rates in different countries. To help you find your way around there are four indexes—a general index, a people index, a list of individual conditions and diseases, and a topic index. This is a book for you to browse through, to give to a colleague who has rendered you or a member of your family some medical service, to an offspring or grandchild now studying medicine and perhaps to a non-medical spouse in the hope that it might deflect those difficult-to-answer questions. There are some apparent omissions because of poor indexing. Anthrax, for example, is not included among the As nor does it appear in the index. It is, however, to be found under Biological weapons. Nor could I find a clear account of the various types of fever. Some of the illustrations are of indifferent quality. For example, the picture of ‘goitre in a cretin’ on p. 264, taken from Sir Humphrey Rolleston's book The Endocrine Organs in Health and Disease published in 1911, certainly shows a goitre, but of a size unlikely to be encountered nowadays, and does not show clearly the more familiar facial appearance of cretinism which is better presented, though not all that well, in another picture on p. 239. A photograph of the mummy of Rameses V (p. 423) is purported to show lesions on the face suggestive of smallpox. A colour picture of the face of a patient with smallpox would be much more informative. Rightly or wrongly one gains the impression that the illustrations used may have been taken, for reasons of economy, from older publications of the Oxford University Press. Not often is one moved to say ‘this is a must’ but it is. It would make a good late Christmas present.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,008 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,005 | 0,010 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,007 | 0,004 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,145 | 0,120 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».