93 Evolving Inflammatory Cell Populations In The Overused Rabbit Achilles Tendon
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction The presence or absence of inflammatory cells in chronic Achilles tendinopathy has been a controversial subject in previous studies. Macrophages, T lymphocytes, and neutrophils have previously been detected in tendinopathic human Achilles tendons, whereas other authors have reported that there is no evidence for their occurrence. This controversy may stem from the fact that human Achilles tendon overuse injuries usually develop gradually over time, and the time course of inflammation in response to overuse has been difficult to establish in clinical populations. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of inflammatory cells in the Achilles tendon of rabbits that were subjected to repetitive mechanical loading of defined durations. Methods In this study, tissue blocks of Achilles tendon taken from a cohort of rabbits on which we previously reported1 were used to analyse the presence of inflammatory cells. Twenty-Four New Zealand male rabbits were subjected to repetitive mechanical loading of the Achilles tendon and grouped into four groups, according to the exercise time period: 0, 1, 3, and 6 weeks. Achilles tendons were harvested at the end of each time period. T-lymphyocytes and neutrophils were examined using immunohistochemistry, and macrophages were identified with Prussian blue staining. All areas of positively labelled cells were captured in digital micrographs using a 20x objective lens and expressed as cell density / viewing field. Results Macrophages, T-lymphocytes, and neutrophils were detected in tendon sections from groups 0, 1, 3, 6 weeks. While there was no apparent change in the density of neutrophils over the 6 week time course, the density of lymphocytes (n.s.) and macrophages (p < 0.05) increased over the 6 weeks of overuse (Figure 1). Qualitatively speaking, the evidence of inflammation was not evenly distributed, as some tissue sections from the same groups showed no evidence of inflammatory cells. Inflammatory cells were observed primarily in the paratendon rather than the tendon proper. Discussion An increasing number of macrophages and lymphocytes were detected in the Achilles tendons of animals subjected to repetitive mechanical loading, with an absence of the same types of cells in some sections from the same groups for unknown reasons. Future studies are needed to (1) confirm these findings using a corroborating technique, e.g. qPCR, and (2) examine the influence of additional variables including tendon region and sex.2 Future studies could examine whether inhibiting inflammation would lessen the extent of tendinopathy in this overuse model. References Andersson, et al. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(13):1017–2 Huisman, et al. J Anat. 2014;224(5):538–47
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».