Material and Operational Environmental Impacts of Building Insulation: How Much is Enough?
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Historically, cost has been the primary factor driving the specification of building envelope components and systems. Recent trends towards environmentally conscious design and construction have resulted in a focus on the environmental impacts of material selection, with emphasis on a life cycle approach. This paper will demonstrate how one might use a life cycle analysis approach to determine optimal insulation levels with a sole focus on environmental impact. The demonstration will include an analysis of commercial roof insulation and residential attic insulation taking into consideration their respective environmental life cycle burdens and operating energy environmental impacts. Embodied environmental material impacts will be estimated using ATHENA's Environmental Impact Estimator software. The ATHENA software is a Canadian developed and internationally recognized means of obtaining comprehensive and reliable environmental life cycle burdens of building assemblies. It covers building material and system life cycle stages from the "cradle" (natural resource extraction or recycling facility) through to its "end-of-life" (grave). For this paper, results reporting of material effects will include embodied energy and global warming potential as indicators of environmental burden. For this paper, two Ottawa buildings will be simulated several times. Each of the simulations will have identical building properties, with the exception of roof or attic insulation, which will vary by amount for each simulation. The analysis will focus on the operational differences between the various roof insulation options, and the development of the operational environmental effects of these different options. For the commercial building, operational energy will be estimated using a DOE 2.2 based whole building operating energy simulator such as EQUEST or EE-4. The building used for the modeling will be an existing two-storey commercial office building. The residential building will be simulated using HOT 2000 software from NRCan. These simulation software systems will allow detailed analysis of building materials and systems including the effects of HVAC systems, envelope systems, geometry, size and location. The paper will present "payback periods" based not on cost, but on environmental effects, for different amounts of insulation. We will demonstrate a method to determine the level of insulation at which the material environmental burden of the insulation exceeds the operational benefits of the insulation. The process used will demonstrate a method to allow building designers the opportunity to base their decision making with respect to roof or attic insulation on environmental effects rather than cost.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».