Improving Stability and Performance of an International Network of Free Access Legal Information Systems
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract High quality legal research must increasingly be global and comparative. This is hindered by the limited range of countries' laws covered by the centralized systems of the multinational commercial legal publishers and by the costs of accessing their materials. Networking of online legal information by commercial legal publishers goes back to the 1970s. Over the last decade a global decentralised network of Legal Information Institutes (or LIIs) has emerged, providing free access to legal information which is comparable with and sometimes better than the commercial providers. Australia's LII--AustLII, has been a lead player, and created and runs the World Legal Information Institute (WorldLII), the principal interface into the shared LII legal data. The ad-hoc nature of the technical networking between the dozen existing LIIs means that the effective utilisation of this shared infrastructure has previously been sub-optimal and increasingly fragile. This has been exacerbated by the network's constant expansion. This paper outlines an initiative funded by the Australian Research Council's E-Research programme to address these problems by building a flexible generic set of tools to support and enhance access to WorldLII and more generally, any network of geographically distributed set of web-based systems. Keywords Legal research, legal information, networks, free access, commercial providers 1. The need for global legal research Legal research increasingly has global dimensions. International trade and the WTO, the internationalisation of environmental and human rights issues, and the complexities of the growing numbers of regional agreements and organisations are some obvious examples. There is also a growing need for law reform (including the legislative implementation of treaty obligations) to have regard for successful models from different legal systems. There are calls for a more international common law and for bridges between the world's differing legal systems (eg Lord Cooke 1996; Poulin 2003; Greenleaf, Mowbray & Chung 2004). Whether we look from the perspective of a commercial lawyer, a government law reformer or negotiator, a legal academic, or a NGO concerned with issues of global impact, there is a need for facilities which allow legal research to have a regional or even a global dimension, 2. Commercial legal publishers and their networks The largest commercial legal publishers, particularly LexisNexis and WestLaw, operate globally in the range of national legal materials offered by their international portals, thus facilitating internationally-oriented legal research. The world's dominant legal publishing groups (Reed-Elsevier, Thomson, and Wolters-Kluwer) now own the major legal publishing houses in a large number of countries and are rapidly expanding their holdings in other countries. Despite these developments, the range of countries their content covers is still relatively small and confined largely to countries with mature markets. When did legal information systems first contain significant content from multiple countries? By the early1980s Lexis (now LexisNexis) had added UK and French content to its dial-up service. EURONET Diane also contained legal database from a number of countries (Bing 1984). By the mid-80s other European content, New Zealand and Australia were available on LexisNexis. Today, this has expanded to cover content from 19 countries, under the LexisNexis 'Global Legal' section (previously less politely named 'Non-US'). Thirteen are Commonwealth countries, and 'Commonwealth' is the only multi-country search provided. Provision of caselaw and legislation varies. Caselaw and legislation cannot be searched together. A fortiori, it is impossible to simultaneously search the whole of the LexisNexis international site. Westlaw International has gradually expanded since 2000 to cover caselaw and legislation from six jurisdictions: the United States, United Kingdom, the European Union, Australia, Hong Kong, and Canada (Westlaw 2007). …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,015 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».