CENOZOIC RECORD OF ELONGATE, CYLINDRICAL, DEEP-SEA BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN THE INDIAN OCEAN (ODP SITES 722, 738, 744, 758, AND 763)

Research Article| April 01, 2010 CENOZOIC RECORD OF ELONGATE, CYLINDRICAL, DEEP-SEA BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN THE INDIAN OCEAN (ODP SITES 722, 738, 744, 758, AND 763) Bruce W. Hayward; Bruce W. Hayward 8 1Geomarine Research, 49 Swainston Rd, St Johns, Auckland, New Zealand. 8Correspondence author. Email: b.hayward@geomarine.org.nz Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ashwaq T. Sabaa; Ashwaq T. Sabaa 1Geomarine Research, 49 Swainston Rd, St Johns, Auckland, New Zealand. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ellen Thomas; Ellen Thomas 2Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.3Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Shungo Kawagata; Shungo Kawagata 1Geomarine Research, 49 Swainston Rd, St Johns, Auckland, New Zealand. 4Present address: Faculty of Education and Human Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-2 Tokiwadai, Yokohama, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ritsuo Nomura; Ritsuo Nomura 5Faculty of Education, Shimane University, Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Claudia Schröder-Adams; Claudia Schröder-Adams 6Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Anil K. Gupta; Anil K. Gupta 7Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721 302, India. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Katie Johnson Katie Johnson 1Geomarine Research, 49 Swainston Rd, St Johns, Auckland, New Zealand. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Journal of Foraminiferal Research (2010) 40 (2): 113–133. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.40.2.113 Article history received: 28 May 2009 accepted: 03 Nov 2009 first online: 03 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Bruce W. Hayward, Ashwaq T. Sabaa, Ellen Thomas, Shungo Kawagata, Ritsuo Nomura, Claudia Schröder-Adams, Anil K. Gupta, Katie Johnson; CENOZOIC RECORD OF ELONGATE, CYLINDRICAL, DEEP-SEA BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA IN THE INDIAN OCEAN (ODP SITES 722, 738, 744, 758, AND 763). Journal of Foraminiferal Research 2010;; 40 (2): 113–133. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.40.2.113 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyJournal of Foraminiferal Research Search Advanced Search Abstract A group of ~100 species of elongate, cylindrical deep-sea benthic foraminifera (families Stilostomellidae, Pleurosto-mellidae, Nodosariidae) with complex, often constricted apertural structures, became extinct during increasingly cold glacial periods in the late Pliocene to mid-Pleistocene Climate Transition (MPT, ~2.6–0.6 Ma). We document the evolutionary history and architecture of this Extinction Group (Ext. Gp) through the Cenozoic at four lower bathyal-upper abyssal Indian Ocean sites (ODP 722, 744/738, 758, 763), seeking clues to the cause of this morphologically-targeted extinction episode late in the Cenozoic.Eighty percent of the 116 Ext Gp. species present in the Cenozoic of the Indian Ocean originated globally in the Eocene or earlier, compared with 23–37% of other Quaternary deep-sea foraminifera. The Ext. Gp had its peak species richness and relative and absolute abundances in the late Eocene. The rapid warming of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, that resulted in a loss of 30–50% of deep-sea foraminiferal species, had no impact on the Ext. Gp in the one Indian Ocean section (ODP 744/738) studied. Major Cenozoic changes in the Ext. Gp, including increased species turnover, changes in dominant species, a decline in abundance, loss in diversity, and finally extinction, mostly occurred during the middle Eocene to early Oligocene, middle to late Miocene, and late Pliocene to middle Pleistocene. These were times of stepped increase in the volume of polar ice, global oceanic cooling, surface-water eutrophication, seasonality of phytoplankton production, deep-water ventilation, and southern deep-water carbonate corrosiveness. The final decline and disappearance of the Ext. Gp began in the late Miocene at high latitudes (744/738), but not until the late Pliocene (758, 763) or MPT (722) at lower latitudes.We hypothesize that the loss of the Ext. Gp of deep-sea foraminifera may have been caused by the decline or demise of their specific food source (detrital phytoplankton or bottom-dwelling microbes) that was abundant in the Greenhouse World and was decimated by the stepwise cooling, ventilation, or eutrophication of the oceans that began in the middle and late Eocene. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

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