WHO의 건강도시(Healthy Cities) 운동에 대한 소개와 교회적 운동으로서의 접근 가능성에 대한 논구

1. The Beginning of Healthy Cities Movement The healthy cities concept emerged in the 1980s on the basis of a new public health movement, the Health for All strategy (WHO, 1981), and the Ottawa Charter (WHO, 1986). It is an innovative means for improving urban living conditions and the health of the population. Healthy cities projects require a wholistic approach by emphasizing the importance of intersectoral collaboration and community participation to create environments, supportive for health. 2. The Definition and Elements of Healthy Cities Healthy cities pioneers define a healthy cities as: “one that is continually creating and improving those physical and social environments and strengthening those community resources which enable people to mutually support each other in performing all the functions of life and achieving their maximum potential.” 3. Analyzing the Indicators of Healthy Cities After I introduced the various indicators of Healthy Cities, I put them together as follows. In the following chart, I omitted the detail indicators, written in my paper. 4. The Possibility of Healthy Cities Movement, Examined according to the Biblical Concept of the Wholistic Health The Bible tells about ‘shalom’ as the wholistic salvation, which is interpreted as wholistic health. Wholistic health or wholistic care pursuits the integrated health of physical health, spiritual health, psychological health, social health and environmental health. Here, the idea of ‘Healthy Cities Movement’ is related with the concept of wholistic health, as defined by WHO and World Christian Medical Society. 5. The Possibility of Healthy Cities Movement as a Public Theology Recently, the Christian scholars are discussing public theology actively. The public theology can be explained as a theology, which persuades the people outside church as well as the ones inside church, opposing that a theology is circulated only in the church. This movement of Healthy Cities, initiated by WHO, offers the following possibilities and advantages, in the pursuit of public theology. 1) This movement emphasizes the possibility of the positive social participation, instead of critical participation. 2) It offers the opportunity of understanding the social service of churches, in the perspective of whole human welfare, directing Christian salvation. 3) This movement avoids the abstraction of social service, carried on by churches, as it focuses on the concept of health. We can obstructs the social criticism, assessing the inadequacy of the social service, with this avoidance. 4) We can have more opportunities, as we enlarge the possibility, communicating with non-christian world. 5) We can correct the thought of eudaemonistic individualism, that is prevailed nowadays, through this movement. 6) This movement can offer the indicators, assessing the quality of civic happiness and civic administration, which are going to stimulate the serving spirit of city administrators. 7) This movement will wipe out the useless controversy about ideology. The important is the concrete wellbeing of citizens. 8) Surely, we cannot build the Kingdom of the Lord on this earth. But we have the responsibility, trying to erect the shadow of the Lord’s Kingdom, as we hope the glory of heaven. It is sure this movement of Healthy Cities is going to improve the publicity of churches and their service.

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