"Dental tourism": issues surrounding cross-border travel for dental care.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
When I visit my dentist I travel 4 kilometres from my residence to her office. My experience is commonplace; many Canadians commute from their homes or workplaces to see a nearby dentist. Although our coffee might come from Colombia and our clothes from China, for most of us dental care is as local as the neighbourhood grocery store, library or community centre. However, for some people, obtaining affordable dental care involves travel to another country. Journalists call these travellers “dental tourists.” Americans visit dentists in such Mexican border towns as Ciudad Juarez, Los Algodones, Nogales and Tijuana.1–3 Australians fly to Thailand for inexpensive dental care. People from England, Ireland and Wales journey to clinics in Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary and Poland. In general, patients travel from higher-cost settings to regions where care is comparatively less expensive, and the price differential must be significant. Most “dental tourists” travel for treatment when the total cost of dental care, meals, accommodations, transportation and other expenses is less than the price of local care. The Internet facilitates cross-border dental care. Dental tourism companies advertise “allinclusive” travel packages that include dental procedures, hotel room reservations, side trips to tourist attractions and airline tickets. Dental clinics also use the web to attract international clients. People who consider travelling for dental care use the Internet to email sales representatives, submit digital images and negotiate prices. Given the size of the U.S. population and the proximity of the country to low-cost dental clinics in Mexico, far more Americans than Canadians presumably travel in search of affordable dental care. Nonetheless, Canadian snowbirds are among the customers seeking inexpensive care in Mexican clinics located adjacent to the borders of Arizona, California, New Mexico and Texas.4 An Ottawa-based company, The InciDental Tourist, sells dental tourism packages to China.5 The company states that care costing $8,400 in Canada is available in Nanjing for $1,840.6 Several Canadian medical tourism companies also market dental tourism “deals.”7–9 It is not surprising that dental tourism companies use patient testimonials to tout cost savings, customer satisfaction and quality of care. In turn, some dentists argue that inexpensive cross-border dental care is sometimes substandard. 10,11 They report encountering patients who have experienced serious complications as a result of obtaining low-priced dental care. Dental tourism companies respond to these criticisms by asserting that local dentists are merely protecting their own economic interests when they impugn “Dental Tourism”: Issues Surrounding Cross-Border Travel for Dental Care
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».