From the Basket of Goods to a More General Model of Territorialized Complex Goods: Concepts, Analysis Grid and questions/Du Panier De Biens a Un Modele Plus General D'un Complexe De Biens et Services Territorialise : Concepts, Grille D'analyse et Questions

Abstract This paper is an assessment and synthesis of almost ten years of research on the relationships between the quality of products/services, the environment, and territories as sources of positive externalities that can be internalized from a perspective of territorialized sustainable development. Our assessment is based on observations which began in 1996 in the Baronnies area (southern France) and were subsequently extended to other Rhone-Alpes regions and to the Aubrac area in Auvergne. The aim is to build a typology of the elements comprising a 'basket of goods' model (basket of territorialised products and services), and of the forms of rents that valorise quality products and environmental services and contribute towards territorialised sustainable development. We highlight different forms of the relationships between the specific demand and the compound supply of these quality goods, in the context of public goods and externalities. Finally, we define the concepts, methods, and conditions of accomplishment of a public action that facilitates the emergence and development of various possible configurations of a general model of territorialised complex goods. Resume Cet article presente le bilan et la synthese de pres de dix annees de recherches sur les relations entre qualite des produits et services, environnement et territoires comme source d'externalites positives qui peuvent etre internalisees dans une perspective de developpement territorial durable. Ce bilan s'appuie sur des observations qui ont commence en 1996 dans les Baronnies (sud de la France) puis qui ont ete etendues a d'autres territoires de Rhone-Alpes et a l'Aubrac (Massif central). L'objectif est de construire une typologie des elements qui composent un modele du'panier de (panier de biens et services territorialises) et des formes de rentes qui valorisent les produits de qualite et les services environnementaux et contribuent a un developpement territorial durable. On met en evidence differentes modalites de rencontre entre la demande specifique et l'offre composite de ces produits de qualite dans un contexte de biens publics et d'extemalites. On definit enfin les concepts, methodes et conditions de realisation d'une action publique facilitant l'emergence et le developpement de differentes configurations possibles d'un modele general des biens complexes territorialises. ********** This paper presents a synthesis of the results of almost ten years of research on the relationships between quality products/services, environment and territories. The aim is to analyze different possible contributions of territorial resources to territorialized sustainable development by examining how the supply of quality products meets the demand. For this purpose, there are two main characteristics of this that have to be taken into account: * a supply anchored in a specific territory, which makes these resources exclusive (unavailable elsewhere), interdependent and complementary (Terluin and Post 2002). These characteristics stem from a 'specificity' that not only is given, as initial resources or localized factors are expected to be, but is also constructed by the actors of the territory; * a joint, contextual demand for quality products and services that depends on their prices and on official and objective signals, but also, above all, on elements of a subjective and emotional nature, and hence on uncoded cognitive attributes, images or symbols (Filser 1996; Bessiere 1998). To analyze the relationship between this specific supply and demand, we have used two complementary frameworks of analysis. The first concerns imperfect competition and market failure (Mas-Collel et al 1995) in order to study the possibilities of horizontal differentiation of products and services in a particular territorial and environmental context. It is also to establish whether their modes of valorization are suited to a joint supply of products and services, and to the emergence of specific rents for producers. …

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