Notice bibliographique
Résumé
IT IS A GREAT PLEASURE TO BE BACK IN VIENNA, WHERE I SPENT FIVE INTERESTING years as director-general of the United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV), the third headquarters of the United Nations. It is also a great privilege to be the twenty-second person to give the memorial lecture in honor of that remarkable Canadian diplomat and humanitarian John Wendell Holmes. It would be an honor for anyone, but it is an overwhelming one for me and, especially, to address such an audience of distinguished academics since I have no claims to being one of your number. I did start out on an academic career, but in a completely different field. So I do not speak to you in that capacity today but rather as a practitioner, an operator if you like, in the fields of development, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding. I should perhaps begin with a few defining words about how I will approach the subject. Security has become the leitmotiv of our daily lives, ranging from major concerns over global terrorism to mundane matters of importance to the individual. It crops up in the most unexpected contexts. Recently, I was astonished to hear on the radio that two distinguished retired US generals had said that one of the greatest threats to US security now was obesity because young people were becoming too fat to enter the armed forces. In another context, the major price that we pay today for security is the restriction of basic human rights, from the surveillance to which we are subjected all day and every day wherever we go, to invasive search procedures at airports and, in the extreme, to the detention of possible suspects without legal process, for instance in Guantanamo Bay. So security today throws up many ethical conundrums. In the UK, recently, there was the case of two Pakistani students accused of planning a major terrorist attack. The evidence against them was apparently overwhelming, but some of it was withheld for security reasons, so they could not be convicted. Instead it was decided that they should be deported to their country of origin. They appealed against that judgment and the Court of Appeal, while recognizing that they constituted a major threat to security in the UK, decreed that they could not be sent back home because their human rights might be abused there. But what about the human rights of the people they might have killed or who might still be in danger? As in so many
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».