Insight into flower diversity in <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> and <i>Solanum chilense</i> using comparative biological approaches
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Gao, M.-F., Peng, H.-Z., Li, S.-S., Wang, X.-L., Gao, L., Wang, M.-H., Zhao, P.-F. and Zhao, L.-X. 2015. Insight into flower diversity in Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum chilense using comparative biological approaches. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 467–478. Flowers, the defining feature of angiosperms, are reproductive organs that enable the continuation and propagation of flowering plant species. However, intra- and inter-species specific reproductive barriers have often evolved in plants; one such example being in the section Lycopersicum of the genus Solanum. This biological phenomenon is closely related to flower diversity, including visible morphologic features and processes such as pollination and fertilization are influenced by floral morphology, although the exact relationships remains unclear. In this study, two distinct Solanum accessions that exhibit either self-compatibility (SC) (S. lycopersicum, P86) or self-incompatibility (SI) (S. chilense, LA2405), from section Lycopersicum in Solanum were subjected to comparative analyses focusing on flower diversity. The long style of LA2405 was found to differ from that of P86 in that it exserts from the anther cone, and the irregular ‘long strip’ villi on the lower style of LA2405 were structurally distinct from the typical ‘finger shape’ villi of P86. Pollen grains from both LA2405 and P86 were able to germinate on their own stigmas and those of the other accessions. Pollen tube growth was arrested 1/2 and 3/4 of the way down the style in P86 and LA2405, respectively, when LA2405 was used as pistil parent. Additionally, the disappearance of starch grains and lipid bodies in the cytoplasm of the transmitting tract cells was most evident in cells that were close to the pollen tube. An analysis of the expression of flower associated genes revealed that CUL1 and SLF had an anther-specific expression pattern, while SKP1 and RBX1 were constitutively expressed in flowers of both LA2405 and P86. It was also found that transcript levels of four flower associated genes encoding subunits of the SCF complex (Skp1-Cullin1-F-box-Rbx1) were higher in anthers than in other floral organs of the flower, and higher in LA2405 than in P86. Phylogenetic analysis of CUL1 sequences and RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) analysis (genome-wide scanning) indicated that flower associated genes may represent a good resource for evaluating evolutionary relationships between tomato species. Taken together the results suggest that comparative biological methods not only represent a platform for detecting evolutionary differences in flowers of different tomato species, but also provide useful data for further dissecting the mechanisms of reproductive behaviors.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».