Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Comminution and classification circuits consume significant amounts of energy. Some estimates show that\ncomminution processes accounts for around 40 % of the total energy consumed in mining operations and 1.5-1.8 % of the\ntotal national energy consumption in mining intensive countries such as South Africa, Australia and Canada (Tromans, 2008).\nApart from recent market fluctuations the global trend is that the demand for metals and minerals is increasing (Norgate and\nHaque, 2010). At the same time the ore competence generally increases as material is mined at greater depths and the grade is\nusually lower. The consequence is that increased amounts of raw material need to be processed in larger and larger\ncomminution devices. The task of reducing the energy consumption in this context seems daunting.\nThe conventional comminution circuit is usually based on a crushing and screening process followed by a tumbling milling\nprocess. HPGR machines and other new devices have also become more common during the last 20 years. Independent of\nwhat type on units that are used in the circuits the global trend is that larger and larger comminution devices are manufactured\nand installed.\nWith this outlook as a foundation we propose an alternative mindset to think about circuits; poly-stream comminution circuits.\nA general trend in product development is that technologies transform from mono-systems to poly-systems. In this paper the\nconcept is described and exemplified in a case study including a comparison with a conventional SABC circuit. In poly-stream\ncircuits the material streams after one or several parallel primary crushing stages are split into 5-20 streams by using ore sorting\nand classification units. Each stream handles a proportional throughput capacity and the material passes through a dedicated\nset of smaller comminution and classification modular units with settings optimized to target the specific properties of the\nmaterial in each stream.\nThe results of this conceptual case study suggests that smaller, instead of larger, comminution and classification units open up\nfor modularization, higher theoretical operational availability, better plant flexibility and expansion potential. Lower mass flow\nstreams enable the use of ore sorting with separate treatment and early rejection of gangue. It is generally also easier to achieve\nhigher energy efficiency performance for smaller comminution, classification and separation units.\nThere are a number of apparent challenges and problems associated with the concept. It requires new solutions for stream rerouting,\nsensor technology, advance control systems and advanced maintenance management systems to name a few. However,\nthe consequent conclusion of this hypothetical concept is that perhaps the focus of research and development efforts should\ntarget material handling, sensor technology and comminution unit modularization in order to meet the challenges of future\ncomminution circuits.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».