Notice bibliographique
Résumé
It has been 15 years since North American Free Trade Agreement took effect in January 1994. When President Clinton gave remarks at signing of NAFTA side agreements, he promised that NAFTA will create 200,000 jobs within the U.S. in the first two years of its effect, as well as generating another 1 million jobs three years later. Moreover, the research released by United States International Trade Commission in 1992 indicates that NAFTA will help both the U.S. real Gross Domestic Product and employment rate rise 5 percent per year and 0.1 to 2.5 percent. However, 15 years has passed, but the only question still exists. “How is the benefit of NAFTA to the U.S.?” According to the huge growth of trade and Foreign Direct Investment among the three nations, NAFTA seems like a success. Nevertheless, instead of looking at trade and FDI, this research aims to figure out NAFTA’s effect to the U.S. by applying regression analysis to analyze unemployment rate, personal income, and Gross State Product. These data are organized into a panel data and analyzed by Ordinary Least Square and Random Effect Model. The fundamental theories that back this thesis up can be divided into two categories, the classical theory of international trade and gravity model. The classical theory of international trade including division of labor, the theory of absolute advantage, the theory of comparative advantage, and theory of factor endowment explain that how do countries become better of after they trade with each other, as well as how do NAFTA integrate successfully in such a great economic disparity. Furthermore, in the sense of gravity model, the geographical distance and the difference of economic masses of two different countries can really influence the trade between them. To sum up, the main purposes of this research are, firstly, are the benefits of NAFTA to the fifteen border states much more significant than non-border states? Secondly, did those senators really concerns about the interest of their own states before they cast the vote? Finally, according to the result of the empirical work, border states to Canada has barely benefited from NAFTA. On the contrary, border states to Mexico has fairly performed on their economic growth since NAFTA took effect in 1994. The change of unemployment rate has a very significant drop, and both personal income and GSP have a rather small but positive growth. Beside, the result based on the states of vote for and vote against NAFTA does certainly provide very strong evidence that most of the senators did concern about their state interest before they cast the vote.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,037 | 0,017 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».