Understanding and changing social physique anxiety among women: Examining the role of cortisol and exercise
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The general purpose of this dissertation was to use a psychobiological approach to examine the psychosocial, biological and behavioural factors associated with social physique anxiety (SPA) in women. With this perspective in mind, the broad objectives of the present dissertation were as follows: (1) to examine the relationship between social physique anxiety and cortisol, (2) to implement an exercise intervention to change social physique anxiety and cortisol, and (3) to understand the mechanisms responsible for exercise-induced changes in social physique anxiety. Specifically, in Study 1, the purpose was to experimentally manipulate physique evaluative threat in a controlled laboratory setting to determine if physique evaluative threat (i.e., social physique anxiety; SPA) produces concomitant changes in cortisol secretion. Additionally, this study examined if perceptions of physique evaluative threat were related to cortisol responses. Participants were 50 women who were randomly assigned to an experimental, or a control condition. Results indicated that post-manipulation, the experimental condition had higher cortisol levels than the control condition. Furthermore, regression analyses indicated that a post-manipulation measure of physique evaluative threat explained 7.2% of the variance in post-manipulation cortisol levels. Taken together, these findings suggest that acute changes in physique evaluative threat cause changes in cortisol levels and provide an empirical basis for studying cortisol's role in body image disturbance and related pathologies (e.g., eating disorders). In Study 2, a controlled experimental design was used to compare the effects of an 8- week exercise (aerobic versus resistance) training intervention on changes in SPA and changes in cortisol. In addition, this study examined the physical and psychosocial mechanisms underlying the effects of exercise training on SPA and explored the possible protective effects of exercise training on state SPA and cortisol responses to an acute physique evaluative threat situation. Forty six women were randomly assigned to one of two exercise conditions: aerobic or resistance training. Analyses indicated that the aerobic condition experienced greater improvements in trait SPA than the resistance training condition and both groups exhibited significant decreases in cortisol levels (compared to baseline). In addition, changes in aerobic self-efficacy and perceived physical endurance partially mediated the effect of the exercise intervention on trait SPA. Finally, the results demonstrated that 8-weeks of exercise training (regardless of mode) may buffer the state SPA response to a physique evaluative threat manipulation. In summary, these studies provide a broader understanding of the factors associated with SPA. The results demonstrated that for women, situations that elicit physique evaluative threat elicit concomitant changes in cortisol. Exercise training is an effective strategy for improving SPA, reducing cortisol responses, and possibly providing a protective effect against the state SPA response among young women. Aerobic exercise training is more effective for improving SPA than resistance training and this is due in part to increases in aerobic self-efficacy and perceived physical endurance. The dissertation studies provide momentum for extending the scope of research on SPA and for determining the best approach for improving SPA among women.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».