Review of Rossi, A., Luinstra, A. and Pickles, J. (eds.) (2014) Towards Better Work: Understanding Labour in Apparel Global Value Chains.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
No sector provides a better lens through which to understand the dynamics of globalisation than the global apparel industry.It is the quintessential illustration of the complex nature of globalised production arrangements as captured through the global value chains (GVCs) framework.The apparel sector has been most heavily influenced by international trade regimes, even after the phasing out of the Multi Fibre Arrangement (MFA) in 2005.It is been marked by shifting patterns of competitiveness and fashion, which have driven demands for higher product quality, but with shorter lead times and greater product variety.It has been the engine for industrialisation in many developing countries, and the sector that has most notably helped transform China into the manufacturing global powerhouse it is today.And, finally, the global apparel industry has faced challenges on environmental impacts associated with fibre, textiles and garment production, and on working conditions.This edited volume on labour in apparel GVCs is directly linked to a collaborative research agenda, undertaken by an international academic network (the Capturing the Gains programme) and the International Labour Organisation (ILO).The network investigated the links between economic and social upgrading in GVCs, and the implications for labour and decent work.In its focus on the apparel sector, this volume will be a key resource for years to come.It is targeted both to international academic and key policy audiences as well as advanced research students.It provides some critical conceptual contributions and a rich vein of detailed empirical case studies.At the conceptual level, Mayer and Pickles' contribution considers the ways in which globalisation has led to shifting governance pressures.They consider the now well-known evidence on private governance in the global apparel GVC and the more recent examples of resurgence in public governance.They go on to conclude that the nature of the evolving governance regime is not one that will be marked by a swing from markets back to states, but rather that achieving better labour outcomes will require more complex, complementary and hybrid forms of public and private governance.Bernhardt's contribution uses cross-country evidence to investigate the links between economic and social upgrading.Drawing on macro trade, wage and employment data from the eighteen leading developing countries in the apparel GVC, his analysis shows clearly the dominance of East and South Asian countries in economic upgrading, the prominence of China in social and economic upgrading, and the relatively less impressive outcomes for many sub-Saharan African and Latin American countries that have sought to use the apparel GVC as an industrial strategy for economic and social development.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».