Developing Fully-Integrated Biosensing Systems on the Laboratory Benchtop
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Fully-integrated biosensing systems that detect the presence, absence, and quantity of biomolecules (nucleic acids and proteins) in clinical samples have a wide range of applications in clinical diagnosis of cancers, infectious diseases, and hereditary diseases. Furthermore, handheld and inexpensive biosensors that can be operated with a high degree of automation by novice users make it possible for these systems to be applied to point-of-care (POC) settings where the current state-of-the-art diagnostic tests, designed for centralized laboratories, are not applicable. In order to develop handheld, automated, and inexpensive biosensing systems applicable to the point-of-care, it is essential to combine multiple devices for sample preparation and biomolecular detection on the same platform. This requires multiple materials and structures having a wide range of properties and length-scales to be integrated on the same platform. Furthermore, translation of such multi-material systems from the laboratory to the market indicates the need for inexpensive, rapid, and scalable fabrication methods for creating tunable materials and structure. We have developed an integrated fabrication process for creating all-electrical biosensing platforms using methods available on the laboratory benchtop. In order to create electrodes that are structurally tunable from the 10 nm to the 10 mm length-scale and meet the conductivity demands of sample preparation and biosensing devices, we have combined methods including craft cutting, ink-jet printing, self-assembly, electroless deposition, and electrodeposition to deposit and pattern application-specific materials on polymer substrates. In addition, we have used shape memory polymers to further tune the properties of the patterned electrodes such as surface texture, film thickness, and conductivity. Materials characterization results obtained using techniques including scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and four-point-probe method indicate that the fabrication method results in electrodes of the appropriate configuration (micro-coils, interdigitated electrodes, electrode arrays), surface texture (tunable from tens of nanometer to tens of microns), and conductivity (>5% of the bulk) for use in an all-electrical biosensing platform. Using the abovementioned fabrication methods, we have developed three classes of devices for bacterial lysis, magnetic manipulation of cells and biomolecules, and detection of nucleic acids. Bacterial lysis devices that include an interdigitated array of microelectrodes decorated with electrodeposited three-dimensional nano-pillars offer high efficiency lysis (> 95%) at low applied potentials (4 V). The magnetic manipulation devices containing on-polymer magnetic coils coupled with a ferromagnetic capture layer generate forces required for manipulating super-paramagnetic microbeads (1-10 pN) at low applied currents (< 50 mA). Furthermore, we have created a fully-integrated electro-fluidic device for electrochemical detection of nucleic acids. Given that all of these devices are created using the rapid, inexpensive and benchtop-based integrated fabrication process presented here, we expect this method to be applicable to the rapid prototyping and fabrication of several fully-integrated biosensing systems for POC diagnostic applications.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».