Downhole Electrical Heating techniques in the Orinoco Oil Belt, are they always reliable? Appraisal analysis to Petrocedeño's Pilot Project
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract This paper gives a brief description about the appraisal analysis conducted for the Down Hole Electrical Heating Petrocedeño's Pilot Project, which has revealed several issues of concern during the evaluation of the oil recovery techniques, focused in the Orinoco Oil Belt (OOB) Field features and the need to have optimized production. OOB is one of the most prospective assets of Venezuela natural resources. Since its discovery, it has shown a very concerning mobility challenge, which once was considered too high to be produced commercially, also it drove to catalog that oil as tar and sell it as coal. With the development of several technologies and techniques, and the increment of the oil price through the time, the exploitation of the Orinoco Oil Belt Fields has become feasible. Despite the experience gathered in analog reservoirs in Canada and United States, thermal applications of EOR and IOR, such as SAGD, HASD, CSS, VAPEX, Etc., cannot be implemented in most of the mature fields in the OOB, because their development plans just considered primary recovery, plus thermal materials were not used in producer well completions. Then, it was necessary to choose a technique with low thermal impact to the completion configuration, in order to increase oil production in those developed fields, helping to reach the final recovery factor estimated to primary production. Since Petrocedeño Field is one example of that scenario and as other fields in the OOB, Downhole Electrical Heating was seen as a possible solution to accomplish with the production requirements. Considering that Petrocedeño has experience with non-thermal techniques aimed to increase oil rate, it was possible to compare and to identify several features that helps to decide which case is best suited to use rather DHEH or the others techniques according to each wells characteristics. Finally a comparison will be provided and the key issues that helps to decide which scenario is better to use the Downhole Electrical Heating Technique. As a general conclusion, it was pointed that, since the reservoirs are not homogeneous, hence the fields can have more than two reservoirs contained in the same area and may be in the same structure, plus each well has its own challenges according its dimensions, there is not a single solution to have an improvement in the production, and the increment of recovery factor, which has to be finally defined to each well individually.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».