Putting the public interest back into public transport: a report to the Victorian community
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The privatisation of Melbourne’s trams and trains has been an expensive failure. By June 2006, the privatised system will have cost $1.2 billion more in public subsidies than continued operation by the former Public Transport Corporation; by 2010 this difference will blow out to $2.1 billion. This is not counting the above-inflation fare rises at the end of 2003. Services have not improved, despite claims to the contrary; nor are the claims of a capacity crisis on the rail system correct. Private bus services consume large subsidies to provide poor services which carry low patronage levels. Private operators are blaming the system’s problems on insufficient subsidies, and are lobbying for increases. But the reverse is the case: train, tram and bus operators will receive $1.2 billion this year in subsidies and fares – more per head than first-class overseas public operators such as Vancouver’s Translink. Privatisation has not served the public interest. The State government is preparing a ‘transport and livability statement’, which will reiterate proposals for public transport improvements and extensions from previous documents, such as Melbourne 2030 (released in October 2002). Regardless of the merits of these proposals, they cannot be delivered affordably or effectively under the current institutional arrangements. The tram and train franchise agreements were released (quietly) late last year and we have analysed their contents. The franchises will expire on 30 November 2008, unless the state government gives notice that it wants to extend them. Such notice must be given by 30 November 2007 (only 19 months from now), but can be given at any time. If no such notice is given, then Melbourne’s trains and trams will revert to public ownership at 3am on 30 November 2008 without the risk of compensation claims. We recommend that instead of extending or renewing the franchise agreements, the state government replace them with a new public transport agency modelled on the very best in the world, such as those in Vancouver, Zurich or even Perth. We make detailed recommendations about the best way of establishing a dynamic, efficient, accountable public body to spend the annual $1.2 billion budget. The new public transport agency would have a small staff, no more than 30 or so, selected from the best people in the world. It would also have a governing board that meets in public and shares information with the public. The agency would need to be established well before the franchises expire in 2008, so it could ‘hit the ground running’ when it takes over the operation of services. It would then be charged with upgrading, integrating and extending trains, trams and buses to world’s-best standards. We are presenting these proposals to the Victorian community and the state government for consideration between now and 30 November next year (the last day on which the government can give notice that it wants to extend the Yarra Trams and Connex franchises). In the meantime, we call on the government not to extend the franchises, so the community has a chance to have a say about putting the public interest back into public transport.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,007 | 0,010 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,006 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,009 | 0,003 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,007 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,008 | 0,008 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,009 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».